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为有效利用船舶烟气和冷却水的余热,采用有机朗肯-蒸汽压缩制冷系统为船舶进行空调,建立了系统的热动力学模型,分析比较了六种常用工质R123、R134a、R245fa、R600、R600a和R290对应的系统性能,并以系统性能最佳为目标对工质进行了优选.计算结果表明:不论是对于有机朗肯循环和蒸汽压缩制冷循环,还是对于整个系统而言,R600a都是最合适的工质.热源温度和冷凝温度对系统性能有重要影响.通过改变热水流量可以控制和调节热水温度,从而优化系统性能.同时,冷凝温度的确定要综合考虑系统性能、冷却水泵功耗、换热器面积和系统投资,做到系统整体性能最佳.
In order to effectively utilize the residual heat of ship flue gas and cooling water, an organic Rankine-vapor compression refrigeration system was used to air-condition the ship. The thermodynamic model of the system was established. Six common working fluids R123, R134a, R245fa and R600 , R600a and R290, respectively, and the working fluid is optimized with the best system performance.The calculation results show that for both the organic Rankine cycle and the vapor compression refrigeration cycle, or for the entire system, the R600a Is the most suitable refrigerant.Heat source temperature and condensing temperature have important influence on the system performance.The temperature of hot water can be controlled and adjusted by changing the hot water flow to optimize the system performance.At the same time, the condensing temperature should be determined considering the system performance, cooling Pump power consumption, heat exchanger area and system investment, to achieve the best overall system performance.