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潜育性水稻土是我国主要低产土壤。多年调查研究和田间试验结果表明:它是在淹水还原、有机物质存在和嫌气微生物活动条件下形成的。根据诊断层潜育层的位置、厚度和发育程度划分为全层潜育、上位潜育、下位潜育、犁底层潜育和中位潜育五个类型。土壤以强还原作用、Fe~(++)和有机物质积累、Fe、Si、P、K迁移和不良物理结构为特征。 明沟或暗沟排水和水旱轮作是改良沿育性水稻土的基本措施;合理施用磷、钾肥明显提高稻谷产量。通过上述综合措施,每亩每年可增产稻谷100公斤,全国6000万亩可增产60万吨。
Distant paddy soil is the main low-yielding soil in China. Years of investigation and field trials have shown that it is formed under flooded reduction, organic matter presence, and anaerobic microbial activity. According to the location, thickness and development level of the diagnostic layer, the five types are full-thickness, upper, lower, lower and middle. The soil is characterized by strong reduction, Fe ~ (++) and organic matter accumulation, Fe, Si, P, K migration and poor physical structure. Open ditches or undercut ditches and rotation of water and rain are the basic measures to improve along fertile paddy soils. Appropriate application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers will obviously increase the yield of paddy. Through the above comprehensive measures, 100 kilograms of rice can be increased per mu per year, 600,000 mu can be increased by 600,000 tons nationwide.