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本文开始对栽培植物的分类标准作了简要的归纳,并在回顾亚洲栽培稻分类的历史中,对各学者的功绩和得失进行了评述。在总结前人工作的基础上,根据自己的经验和试验结果,提出依种——亚种——生态群——生态型——品种顺序的5级分类系统,明确指出亚洲栽培稻应只分籼、粳两个亚种,爪哇型、光壳稻和普通稻是粳亚种下的生态群,对生态群下的生态型也作了扼要的叙述。试验观察的结果还表明爪哇型和光壳稻在稻种演化上比普通稻要原始一些。对籼亚种下的生态群则根据其在热带地区的生态特点,提出了初步设想,其中 aus 型也应是籼亚种下的一个生态群。作者等主张作物的分类应该将形态、生态和利用综合于一体,在按上述系统分类时,虽然为了应用上的方便,强调从主要的状态指标入手,但也指出了形态上的变化是多种多样和常常是连续性的,其组合亦多,完全依形态分类容易引起繁琐。因此,必须把主要形态指标和生态群、生态型的生态分布及栽培利用上的特点结合起来,多强调其共性方面,而把一些次要的形态差异作为品种的识别性状。文中叙述了区别籼粳的几个主要指标,同时指出任何单一性状,包括区别籼、粳亚种的杂交亲和力,都不是绝对的,只有采取综合鉴定才能获得最好的效果。对一些形态上不易区分籼粳和与籼粳杂交都有较高亲和?
This paper begins with a brief summary of the taxonomic criteria for cultivated plants, and comments on the merit and gains and losses of each scholar in reviewing the history of cultivated rice assortment in Asia. On the basis of summarizing the work of predecessors, based on our own experience and experimental results, we put forward a five-level classification system according to the species-subspecies-ecotype-ecotype-variety order, The indica and japonica subspecies, Javanese, Husk and common rice are the ecological groups under the japonica subspecies, and the ecotypes under the ecological group are also briefly described. The experimental observations also show that Java-type and Husk rice are more primitive than the normal rice in rice evolution. The ecological group under the indica subspecies proposed its tentative plan based on its ecological characteristics in the tropics, and the aus type should also be an ecological group under the indica subspecies. The authors advocate that the classification of crops should combine morphology, ecology and utilization. When categorized according to the above system, it is pointed out that the morphological changes are various Diverse and often continuous, and its portfolio is also more easily classified according to morphology easily lead to cumbersome. Therefore, it is necessary to combine the main morphological indicators with the characteristics of ecological groups, ecological distribution of ecological types and cultivation and utilization, emphasize commonalities more, and take some minor morphological differences as the identification traits of cultivars. The article describes several key indicators that distinguish indica and japonica. At the same time, it is pointed out that any single trait including hybridization affinity between indica and japonica subspecies is not absolute, and the best effect can only be achieved by comprehensive identification. For some morphology is not easy to distinguish between indica and japonica and indica japonica hybrid have a higher affinity?