机械呼吸是利用机械进行通气,以达到改善和维持呼吸的一种治疗措施。早期它主要用于改善通气,但近年来由于对呼吸生理的日益深入了解以及对呼吸机的不断改进,目前机械呼吸巳不仅用以治疗通气障碍,而且用来改善换气功能。如果应用得当,将使许多严重呼吸衰竭患者生命得到挽救。现就有关应用问题简述如下。呼吸机的工作原理及类型正常呼吸过程是赖肺泡-大气间压力改变得以实现的。即吸气时膈肌和肋间肌收缩,使胸腔容积增大、肺扩展,肺泡内压力下降,气体在大气压力推动下,自鼻腔经气道流入肺泡。在呼气时,由于胸廓弹性回缩力量使肺泡内压力大于大气压,肺内气体得以排出体外。常用的呼吸机是利用机械运动对呼吸道开口施加压力,使该部气压大于气道内压力,气体流向肺 Mechanical ventilation is the use of mechanical ventilation, in order to achieve a treatment to improve and maintain breathing. In the early days it was mainly used to improve ventilation, but in recent years due to an increasingly in-depth understanding of respiratory physiology and the continuous improvement of ventilators, mechanical ventilation has recently been used not only to treat ventilatory disturbances but also to improve ventilatory function. If used properly, many patients with severe respiratory failure will be saved lives. Now on the application of the problem outlined below. Ventilator works and types of normal breathing process is the alveolar - atmospheric pressure changes can be achieved. That is, inspiratory diaphragm and intercostal muscle contraction, so that the chest volume increases, lung expansion, pressure drop in the alveoli, the gas pressure in the atmosphere, from the nasal passages through the airways into the alveoli. In expiration, due to elastic contraction of the thorax so that the pressure within the alveolar pressure greater than atmospheric pressure, the lungs of the gas to be excreted. Commonly used ventilator is the use of mechanical movement on the opening of the respiratory pressure, so that the Department of pressure is greater than the airway pressure, the gas flow to the lungs