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(一)铜的地球化学性质铜是亲硫元素的典型代表,四周期最后一个过渡金属元素,属I_B族.与四周期I_A族元素钾相比,其特征和外电子层、原子半径、第一电离势之区别,见表1.铜的原子结构复杂,外电子层多五个3d轨道、十个电子.因之,核与外层电子联系力较强,原子半径较小,价电子的电离势高,不易失去,成离子键的倾向小.自然界铜与氧的亲和力弱,铜的氧化物较不稳定,只在强氧化环境才形成.因此自然界赤铜矿(Cu_2O)、黑铜矿(CuO)分布不广.而
(I) Copper geochemical properties Copper is a typical representative of the pro-sulfur elements, the last four transitional transition metal elements, is I_B family and the four-period I_A element potassium compared to the characteristics and the outer electron layer, atomic radius, the first A difference in ionization potential, shown in Table 1. The atomic structure of copper is complex, the outer electron layer more than five 3d orbital, ten electrons, therefore, the nucleus and the outer electron contact force is stronger, the atomic radius is smaller, valence electron Ionization potential is high, not easy to lose, the tendency of the ion bond is small.With the natural affinity between copper and oxygen is weak, copper oxide is less stable, only formed in a strong oxidizing environment.Therefore natural red copper (Cu 2 O) (CuO) is not widely distributed