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世界范围内海洋油气开采正在向500~3000m的深海进军.然而,对深海全水深系统进行模型试验相当困难:目前世界上没有一家水池有足够的空间可以在常规缩尺比下容纳一个工作在1000~3000m之间的完整的顺应式系泊浮式生产系统.面对该挑战,目前看起来最可行的就是所谓的混合模型试验技术.应用该技术的首要工作就是设计等效水深截断系统.我们研究了深海平台混合模型试验方法的优化设计问题.研究过程中,主要考虑了截断水深和全水深系统的静力特性相似.将截断水深和全水深系统静力特性相似程度的数值作为目标函数建立了等效水深截断系统优化设计数学模型.通过选择适当的设计准则,可减少截断水深和全水深系统之间的动力特性差异.为计算系泊系统的静力特性,采用四阶龙格-库塔法来求解单根锚泊线的静力平衡方程.当单根锚泊线的静力特性计算出来后,总系泊系统的静力特性可以用拉格朗日插值方法计算出来.建立了锚泊线材质数据库,以锚泊线材质名和直径作为关键字.选用经过改进的混合离散变量模拟退火法和离散复合形法来进行优化计算.采用C++语言基于面向对象方法开发了计算机程序.具体优化计算时,先分别用两种优化法计算出相应的结果,然后选取较好的一个作为最终结果.为考察开发出的计算机程序,文中以一个工作水深为320m的10万吨内转塔式系泊FPSO为例进行了等效水深截断系统优化设计计算,截断水深选为160m,并选取几个典型工况对截断系统和全水深系统都进行了缩尺比为λ=80的模型试验,比较两者的试验结果发现,该文的截断系统设计是成功的.作者将结合一个具体实例对以前发表的关于深海平台混合模型试验方法的论文进行总结.
However, it is quite difficult to model the deep-water full-depth system: none of the world’s reservoirs currently has enough space to accommodate a working scale of 1,000 at a conventional scale-down ratio ~ 3000m complete compliance mooring floating production system in the face of this challenge, what seems to be the most viable now is the so-called hybrid model test technology.Application of this technology is the first task of designing the equivalent depth of water cut-off system.We The optimization design of the hybrid model test method for deep-sea platform is studied in this paper, which mainly considers the similarity of static characteristics between the cut-off water depth and the full water depth system.The numerical value of the similarity between the cut-off depth and the full water depth system is taken as the objective function The optimal design mathematical model of the equivalent depth cutoff system can be used to reduce the difference of dynamic characteristics between the cutoff depth and the full water depth system by selecting the appropriate design criteria.In order to calculate the static characteristics of the mooring system, Tower method to solve the static equilibrium equation of a single mooring line.When the static characteristics of a single mooring line is calculated, The static characteristics of mooring system can be calculated by Lagrange interpolation method.The mooring line material database is established with the material name and diameter of mooring line as the key.The improved mixed discrete variables simulated annealing method and discrete complex method To carry on the optimization calculation.A computer program was developed based on the object-oriented method in C ++ language.When the optimization calculation is carried out, the corresponding results are calculated by two optimization methods respectively, and then the better one is selected as the final result. Computer program. In this paper, an example of a 100,000 mt inner-rotating tower mooring FPSO with a working depth of 320m is taken as an example to optimize the design of the equivalent depth-of-water cutoff system. The cut-off depth is selected to be 160m. Several typical working conditions are selected to cut off the system And the whole water depth system all carried on the model test with the scaling ratio of λ = 80. The comparison of the two results shows that the design of the truncated system in this paper is successful. The author will combine a concrete example to the previously published report on deep- The paper of the model test method is summarized.