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本试验用八个农艺亲本与五个品质亲本按 P×Q 交配模式配制的40个 F_1为材料,对小麦籽粒蛋白质含量、产量等12个性状的遗传特性进行了研究,对亲本和组合的利用价值进行了评价。结果表明,旗叶功能期主要是由加性基因控制的,其余11个性状是由加性基因和非加性基因共同控制的,但对不同性状,两者所起的作用是不等的。对于以加性效应为主的性状,可以利用双亲的一般配合力来预测 F_1的表现,其可靠程度与一般配合力方差占遗传方差的百分率密切相关(r_s=0.916)。性状加性遗传方差占总遗传方差的百分率与环境的变异系数呈显著的负相关,秩相关系数为—0.832。农艺亲本中长治6703、公社5号,父本中336D_3—222、759C_1—2212表现了较多的优点,可在高产优质育种中加以利用。
In this experiment, the genetic characteristics of 12 traits including grain protein content and yield of wheat were studied by using 40 F1 cultivars from eight agronomic parents and five quality parents in the P × Q mating mode. The parents and combinations Value was evaluated. The results showed that the function of flag leaves was mainly controlled by additive genes. The remaining 11 traits were controlled by additive genes and non-additive genes, but their roles were different for different traits. For additive trait-based traits, the general combining ability of parents can be used to predict the performance of F_1. The degree of reliability is closely related to the percentage of general combining ability variance (r_s = 0.916). The percentage of genetic additive genetic variance with total genetic variance was negatively correlated with the environmental coefficient of variation, with a rank correlation coefficient of -0.832. The parents of agronomic plants in Changzhi 6703, commune 5, and paternal parents 336D_3-222, 759C_1-2212 showed more advantages and could be used in high-yield and high-quality breeding.