宪法是一种时间性的事物:宪法在过去制定,在现在适用,并指向未来。现代宪政理念对于宪法提出了双重任务。一方面,宪法需要在某个时刻将一个国家的基本制度通过根本法的形式确定下来,防止后来政府部门的背离和宪法的随意改动。这是限制政府、保护公民权利等宪政理念的基本要求。另一方面,宪法需要在制定之后 The constitution is a matter of time: the constitution was formulated in the past, is now applicable, and points to the future. The concept of modern constitutionalism poses dual tasks for the constitution. On the one hand, the constitution needs to determine the fundamental system of a country through the fundamental law at a certain moment in order to prevent subsequent government departures and constitutional changes. This is the basic requirement of the constitutional philosophy of limiting the government and protecting civil rights. On the other hand, the constitution needs to be drawn up