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通过淋巴及血液系统向远处器官转移是恶性肿瘤的一个特征,而全身各部位肿瘤向头颈部转移却不常见。1902年至1953年世界文献共有176例报道,1961年又报道37例。Bhaskar指出:人体各部位的恶性肿瘤向头颈部转移只占1%。全身各部位肿瘤向颌骨转移,呈如下规律:转移至上颌骨占18%,转移至下颌骨占72%。临床表明,转移到颌骨的肿瘤可以不出现任何症状。如侵及神经则表现感觉异常或类似牙痛轻微不适,以致误诊。还可以出现带捻发音似的肿胀,如合并继发感染可出现病理性骨折。
Metastasis to distant organs through the lymphatic and hematological systems is a feature of malignant tumors, but metastases to the head and neck are not common in all parts of the body. From 1902 to 1953, there were 176 reports in the world and 37 in 1961. Bhaskar pointed out that metastases to the head and neck in all parts of the human body account for only 1%. The metastases of the tumors from various parts of the body to the jaw bones were as follows: 18% of the metastasis to the maxilla and 72% to the mandible. Clinically, tumors transferred to the jaws can show no symptoms. For example, if the nerve is invaded and the sensory abnormality or similar toothache is slightly uncomfortable, it may be misdiagnosed. Swelling can also occur with a burping-like sound, and pathological fractures can occur with secondary infection.