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目的了解上海市浦东新区不同户籍小学生跌倒/坠落(Falls)(简称“跌落”)伤害情况的差异,为制定相应的跌落伤害预防措施提供科学依据。方法采用整群抽样随机抽取浦东新区12所小学,并对所抽中小学的全部学生的跌落伤害发生的相关情况进行横断面调查,其中9 419名小学生所填问卷合格,纳入研究。结果浦东新区小学生跌倒伤害发生率为6.96%,其中户籍小学生为7.78%,非户籍小学生为5.99%;非户籍小学生主要发生在家中(37.96%)的娱乐玩耍中,而户籍小学生主要发生在学校(30.79%)的娱乐玩耍中,滑到和绊倒是两类小学生跌落伤害最主要的2个原因;伤害性质均以擦伤/挫伤、骨折和扭伤/拉伤为主,最主要造成下肢的伤害。结论浦东新区小学生跌落伤害主要发生在学校或家中的娱乐玩耍过程中,主要原因是滑到和绊倒,最终引起擦伤/挫伤或骨折的居多。不同户籍小学生跌落伤害情况构成有所差异,因此,开展健康教育等预防措施时应该有所侧重。
Objective To understand the differences of falls between falls and falls in Pudong New Area, Shanghai, and to provide a scientific basis for making corresponding preventive measures against falls. Methods A total of 12 elementary schools in Pudong New Area were randomly sampled by cluster sampling. Cross-sectional surveys were conducted on the incidence of falls among all pupils in primary and secondary schools. Among them, 9 419 pupils completed the questionnaires and were included in the study. Results The incidence of falls among pupils in Pudong New Area was 6.96%, of which 7.78% were for registered pupils and 5.99% for non-registered pupils. Non-registered pupils were mainly engaged in entertainment and playing at home (37.96%), while pupils registered primarily in schools 30.79%) of the entertainment play, slip and trip are the two main causes of drop injuries of primary and secondary school students; injuries are mostly bruises / bruises, fractures and sprains / injuries, most of them causing lower limb injuries. Conclusion Primary schoolchild drop injuries in Pudong mainly occurred during the fun and play in school or at home due to slipping and tripping which eventually led to bruises, bruises and fractures. Different hukou pupils fall injuries constitute some differences, therefore, to carry out preventive measures such as health education should be focused.