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目的了解靖江市乡镇铸造行业职业病危害现状。方法对靖江市新桥镇90家铸造企业进行现场职业卫生调查,随机抽取20家企业检测工作场所粉尘、化学毒物、噪声和高温等危害因素的水平及防护设施的控制点风速,收集职业病危害因素接触工人的职业健康检查资料。结果新桥镇铸造企业的职业病危害因素主要是粉尘、化学毒物、噪声和高温等。粉尘总合格率为58.8%,其中矽尘的CTWA平均浓度为(6.1±1.3)mg/m~3,合格率为0.0%;噪声强度总合格率为52.2%,8 h等效声级为(85.5±3.0)dB(A);化学毒物及其他危害因素均符合我国职业接触限值。防护设施陈旧落后,防护效果差。90家铸造企业职业健康检查率为17.4%(1 067/6 148),检出疑似尘肺病50人,疑似职业性噪声聋6人。结论乡镇铸造企业粉尘和噪声危害不容忽视,政府应加强监督管理,采取切实可行的防护设施和防治对策,保护劳动者的职业健康。
Objective To understand the status quo of occupational diseases in casting industry in Jingjiang. Methods Ninety casting enterprises in Xinqiao Town of Jingjiang City were investigated on-site occupational health. Twenty enterprises were randomly selected to detect the levels of dust, chemical poisons, noise and temperature in the workplace and the control point wind speed of protective facilities, and to collect occupational hazard factors Access to workers’ occupational health check information. Results Xinqiao town foundry business occupational hazards are mainly dust, chemical poisons, noise and high temperature. The total qualified rate of dust was 58.8%. The average CTWA concentration of silica dust was (6.1 ± 1.3) mg / m 3 and the pass rate was 0.0%. The total noise passing rate was 52.2%. The equivalent sound level for 8 h was ( 85.5 ± 3.0) dB (A); chemical poisons and other harmful factors are all in line with our occupational exposure limits. Outdated protective facilities, poor protective effect. The occupational health examination rate of 90 foundry enterprises was 17.4% (1 067/6 148), 50 people were suspected of pneumoconiosis, and 6 were suspected of occupational noise deafness. Conclusion The dust and noise hazards of foundry enterprises in towns and townships can not be ignored. The government should strengthen supervision and management, adopt practical protection facilities and prevention and control measures, and protect the occupational health of laborers.