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中国公安督察制度是一种侧重于内在约束的自我监督制度,其理论前提是通过强化公安机关内部的自律来迫使公安机关及其警务人员能依法行政和遵纪守法。但这种督察制度的效果是有限的,也会在实际运作中缺乏可操作性,给公安督察的规范化运用带来一定的困难。主要原因是由于公安督察制度具有“路径依赖”的特征。也就是传统的对人性的认识及对权力制约的认识的局限性会自我强化。这种自我强化会给公安督察制度的规范化运作带来困难。中国公安督察制度的路径选择就是要改变路径,设计建立独立规范的公安督察制度。
Chinese police inspector system is a kind of self-supervision system that focuses on internal restraints. The theoretical premise of the system is to force the public security organs and their police officers to administer according to law and abide by the law by strengthening the internal self-regulation of public security organs. However, the effectiveness of such inspector system is limited, and it lacks maneuverability in actual operation, bringing some difficulties to the standardized application of police inspectors. The main reason is that the public security inspector system has the characteristics of “path dependence”. That is, the traditional understanding of human nature and limitations on the understanding of power constraints will self-reinforcing. Such self-strengthening will bring difficulties to the standardized operation of the public security inspector system. The choice of the route of China’s police inspector system is to change the path and design and establish an independent and standardized public security inspector system.