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作为连接词、关系代词的that，可用来引导各种从句、现结合中学英语教学，初探如下：
1 引导名词性从句
连词that可用来引导名词性从句，即主语从句、宾语从句表语从句及同位语从句。
引导名词性从句的that，只起连接主句与从句的作用，它既无词义，在从句中又不充当任何句子成分。在名词性从句中它有时常能省去，有时又不能省去。
1.1 主语从句
that引导主语从句时，该从句在复合句中作主句的主语。如that the wos chooen made ue very hpyycy(SBI,p126)
主语从句放在句首，句子常显得笨重。因此，为了保持句子的平衡，避免头重脚轻现象大多数状况不常把它移到句子的后面，前面用“计”来作形式主语。
主语从句用“计”作形式主语的句子不少，省些已有固定的记法和译法，常见的有：
1. It is +名词+that从句：
①it is a fact that…… 事实是……
②it is good news that …… ……是好消息
2. It is +形容词+that从句
①It is clear that …… 很清楚……
②It is neccetsary that …… 很必要……
③It is possible that …… 可能……
3. It+be+动词的过去分词+that从句
① It is said that …… 据说……
②It is well known that…… 众所周知……
③It is reporteol that …… 据报导……
④It must be doyited out that …… 必须指出……
⑤It showld be noticed that…… 应当注意……
⑥it has been proved that…… 已经证明……
在以上1、2、3这种固定说法和译法中，应特别注意It is+……+that……是主语从句还是强调句型，其区别方法是将it is (was),that去掉后再整理，如果句子意思完整，结构正确的为强调句型。
如It is a league meeting that we often have on Friday ofternoon
去掉it、is、that可整理成：we often have a league weeting on Friday fatemoon、句意完整，为强调句型。
以上1、2、3中的句子若去掉it 、is 、that后整理不成句子，或根本无意义、即为主语从句。
4. It+动词+that从句
① It seems (Seemed)that…… 好象是……
②It happened that ……碰巧是……
③It follows that …… 由此可见……
④It goes without saying that…… 不必说……
以that 引导的主语从句，that若在句首时，一般不得省去，若是在以if作形式主语的句子中一般常不省去，但在口语中，有时可以省去。
1.2 表语从句
如It was a pity you didnt go to the talk.
that 引导的表格从句在复合句中作主句的表语，如：
1. My suggestion is that we showld go at once.
2. But the fact remcans that we are behind the others.
引导表语从句的连词一般不省，间或在口语中也可以省去。如：
My touble is I, cant afford newton the tince.
若表语从句中的状语从句在前时，that 不要省去
The reason wea that when Neniton was going to get the bottle of wine, he suddenly had a new idea for the experiment……（SBI. p156）
3.3 同位语从句
that 引导的同位语从句，在某些名词之后，用以说明该名词所表示的具体内容。这些名词有idea, news. fact, promise, reason, thuth. hope. cloubt, thought. beliey. question等. 如：
We heard the news that our team had won. (SBI p127).
They expressed the hope that they would come and visit china again.
There can be no doubt that he is fit for the job.
省时that 引导的同位语从句，可不紧跟在它所说明的名词的后面，如：
An order has come from Derlin that no language but German may be taught in the schools of Alsace and lorraine. (SBⅡ p166)
4 实语从句
that 引导的宾语从句在复合句中作宾语，它常跟在及物动词、介词或一些形容词后。如：
when he got to Englang, he found that his English was too limited. (SBⅠ p2)
The Swade stood quite still, except that his lips moved sligwly. (SBⅠ p253)
Im sure Ill find lots of things I want to buy. (SBⅡ p148)
1. 如果宾语从句后带有共补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，而将that引导的宾语从句后置，如
You may think it strange that anyone would live there. (SBⅠ p267)
I find it necessary that we should learn a litlle grammar
2. 动词. think. beliele. guess. Suppose. 等之后的宾语从句，如果要否定从句的意思，时常需用否定主句的形式。
如. They dont think I can look after muself. (SBⅡ p127)
3. 带宾语从句的主从复合句，若构成反意向句时，共向略部分应根据主句的谓语动词来决定。如：
He said he wanted to viset Japon, diolnt?
但如果陈述部分的主语为第一人称，谓语动词为think、expeet、suppose，beliece, imagine等引导的宾语从句，其疑问部分须与宾语从句构成反意疑问句。即其简略问句部分以从句的主语及谓语动词为准。如：
I dont think he is bright, is he?
We believe she can do it better, cant she?
4. 学习宾语从句应特别注意的问题：
①宾语从句的语序应为陈述式
I dont know where he lives
②宾语从句与主句的时态搭配：
a主句为一般现在时，宾语从句中动词可用它所需要的任何时态。
b主句为一般过去时，宾语从句用与过去有关的时态。即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等。
但是，如果宾语从句的内容为客观真理或不可抗拒的自然规律等，宾语从句仍需使用一般现在时如:
He said that light travels much faster than sound. (JBV p91)
c 在动词 suggest, demand, insist, order等后的宾语从句中，一般用虚拟语气、即用should +动词原形或只用动词原形。
①She suggested that the foreign languages (should) be taught in middle schools……
②They insisted that we (should) begin the work at once
③insist作“坚持”“一定要”时用虚拟语气。
④He ordered that all (should) take part in the work (SBⅠ p114)
(3) 进行that 在宾语从句中，既无意义又不充当任何句子成份，因此在口语或非正式语言中常常略去。
(例略)
但在下列情况下，连词that 是不能省去的。
a 当宾语从句以this或that作主语时。
如：hetold me that that was a red bag.
b 当宾语从句中的状语从句位于它十宾语从句之首时。
如. I made a promise that if armyone set me fres I wowld make him very rich (JBV)
c 用if 作形式宾语时。
如. We thinck it necessary that you should join us in the work.
d. 当宾语从句较长时.
如：Mr Smith explained to them that john had told him all about his past when he asked for a job in his factory
e. 当主句的谓语动词要求双宾语，并直接宾语是由that引导的从句时
如：Mary told me that she wolud be free next weck
2 引导副词性从句
that 引导的副词性从句，即状语从句比较简单，大致可分为：
2.1 由that, So that, in order that 等引导的目的状语从句
如：①They asked the dwve to stop the beast so that they could have a “look”. (SBⅠ. p26)so that 引导的目的状语从句常与情态动词can, could 等连用。
②I got up inorder that I could catch the early bus.
2.2 由that, so that. so... that. such... that等引导的结果状语从句，如
2.2.1 whats the matter that they havent ananswered our telegram yet?
2.2.2 He didnt plan his time well, so that he didnt finish the work in time.
2.2.3 His English was so good that Engles wortehack to pronse him for it. (SB Ⅰp2).
2.2.4 He made such rapid progvess that before long he could write articles in English for an American newspaper. (SBⅠ p2)
2.3 由that, now that, seeing that 等引导的原因状语从句。
2.3.1 在一些表示感情的形容词如 sorry. glad. happy. pleased. swpprised. sorrow 等后的that 从句有些语法家称之谓宾语从句，有些语家称之谓状语从句。
Im glad that I have passed the entrance examination.
2 Now that we all all here. lets begin our cessons.
2.4 由now (that)等引导的时间状语从句.
如Now (that)you mention it, I do remember.
2.5 由on condition (that)等引导的各种状语从句。
如. Ill let you use my dictionavy on conditiom (that) you keep it well.
3 引导形容词性从句
that 作为关系代词，可用来引导形容词性从句（即定语从句），连接主句与从句，它代表先行词，并在定语从句中充当一定的成分。
3.1 that 代表先行词，以可是物或人，that的数和先行词一致.
3.1.1 先行词是物，that 即指物，先行词是人，that即指人
This is the book that I borrowed from the library last week.
Who is the man that is reading the newspaper over there?(SBⅠp35)
3.1.2 先行词是单数，that 即指单数：
There is a family of ants that lives below a tree in front of our house (SBⅠp171)
先行词是复数，hat 即指复数，Today many rivers that were polluted. are qetting cleaner and cleaner. (SBⅠ p195)
3.2 That在定语从句中充当一定的成分，即：
3.2.1 作主语：
When they observed ed anything that happened; They thought about it and then drew a conclusion(SBⅠ p44)
A plane is a machine that can fly. (SBⅠ p35)
that在定语从句中作主语，不得省去。
但在there be 句型中，that虽在定语从句中作主语，有时也可省去。如：
Theres a man(that) hives in that village.
Theres something (that)keeps worrying me.
3.2.2 作宾语
That was all (that) she had saved. (SBⅡ p239)
The finger (that) I put into my mouth was not the one (that) I had dipped into the cup. (SBⅠ. p35)
that 在定语从句中作宾语常可省去。
3.2.3 作表语
She is no longer the girl (that) she was before she went to college.
that引导定语从句并在从句中作表语，此时that常可省去
3.2.4 作宾语补足语：
Im not the fool (that) you thought me.
that 引导定语从句并在从句中作宾语补足语，此时that常可省去。
3.3 that 引导的定语从句与同位语从句的区别。
that 可引导一从句跟在一名词或代词之后，到底是定语从句还是同位语从句。
从基本含义说来，that引导的定语从句，是其先行词不可缺少的定语，而that引导的同位词从句，只是对其前的名词作进一步的解释或补充说明。
从that 的句法功能说来，that 在定语从句中，既代表先行词，又在从句中充当一定的成份，即主语、宾语、宾语补足语与表语。而在同位语从句中，that 不充当任何成份。
因此我们要区别that 引导的从句，是同位语从句或是定语从句，可用下面的方法
3.3.1 去掉that, 若从句的意思完整的，是同位语从句，若从句的意思不完整的，就是定语从句，如：
Every one agreed to the suggestion ston that the students should review English at once 去掉that 与从句the students should review English at ence的意思完整为同位语从句。
Everyone agreed to the sugguestion that the students put forward 去掉that 与从句the students put forward 的意思不完整，即缺宾语，为定语从句。
3.3.2 用be的不同形式代替that. 如意思完整则为同位语从句，否则为定语从句。如：
The news that our team won the match is not true. 中成用is 代替that, The news is our team owon the match. our team won the match 是the news 的具体内容，其本身our team won the match 意思完整，是同位语从句。
I heard the news that he told me 中用is 代替that I heard the news is he told me, the news is he told me 不成意思。是定语从句。
4 在定语从句中，只用that，不用that的情况
在定语从句中，由于先行词本身或先行词受其修饰词的影响，that的用法比较复杂。现说明如下：
4.1 只用that的情况：
4.1.1 先行词为anything everything. all any much. little. a little few, a few等不定代词时。如：
a. whey they observed anything that happened, they tought about if and then draw a conclusion (SBⅠ p44)
b. Not only was everything he had taken away from him. put also his German citizen ship (SBⅡ p106)
c. That uas all she had saved.
当先行词为不定代词时，关系代词that 如作主语，不得省去（a），如作宾语常常省去（bc）.
当先行词为不定代词comething时，关系代词用that 也可用which 如
Theres something that (which)keeps worrying me.(SBⅢ p64)
4.1.2 先行词本身是形容词最高级及序数词，或先行词被形容词最高级及序数词所修饰时。
如：a. Is that the pest that you can do?
b. “Children” he said, “this is the last time that I shall give you a lesson.(SBⅡ. p166)
4.1.3 先行词被the very. the only. the same. any. no等修饰时。如：
a. He is the very man that I wanted to see.
b. You can take any room (that) you like.
4.1.4 先行词既有人又有物时，如：
later my fatter and mr. Crossett talkel for about half an hour of things and persons (that) They remembered in the school
该句中的名词things and persons 为先行词，They remembered in the school. 为定语从句。其关系代词应为that, 因that 在定语从句中作remembered的宾语，故可省去。
4.2 不用that的情况：
4.2.1 介词+关系代词一起引导定语从句时，即，关系代词that在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，介词不能放在它的前面，只能放在从句中有关动词的后面。
如：The room that she lives in is a large one (SBⅠ p53)
当介词放在从句中有关动词后面时，关系代词that在口语或非正式文体中常常省去。
如：This is the room we livecd in last year.
4.2.2 非限定性定语从句中不用that, 指人用who. 指物或干一件事用which.
①She heard a terrible noise, which brought her heart into her mouth. (MET 91)
②The weather turned out to be very good, which was more than we could expect. (Nmet 94)
4.2.3 先行词为人时，关系代词在下列情况下不用that.
a. 在以there be 开头的句中，如
There is a man who wants to see you.
b. 当先行词有较长的后置定语时，如
Do you know the woman in blue, with a balay on her back who is working in the field?
c. 在以these 开头的句子中：如：
Those who are Party members should go first
d. 连接all those 开头的句子中：如
All those who want to see the film put up your hands.
e. 当先行词为one. the one. the ones. anyone 时
如The man you must talk with is the one who knows me well.
4.2.4 当先行词为that时，如：
Whats that which was flashed in the sky just now?
1 引导名词性从句
连词that可用来引导名词性从句，即主语从句、宾语从句表语从句及同位语从句。
引导名词性从句的that，只起连接主句与从句的作用，它既无词义，在从句中又不充当任何句子成分。在名词性从句中它有时常能省去，有时又不能省去。
1.1 主语从句
that引导主语从句时，该从句在复合句中作主句的主语。如that the wos chooen made ue very hpyycy(SBI,p126)
主语从句放在句首，句子常显得笨重。因此，为了保持句子的平衡，避免头重脚轻现象大多数状况不常把它移到句子的后面，前面用“计”来作形式主语。
主语从句用“计”作形式主语的句子不少，省些已有固定的记法和译法，常见的有：
1. It is +名词+that从句：
①it is a fact that…… 事实是……
②it is good news that …… ……是好消息
2. It is +形容词+that从句
①It is clear that …… 很清楚……
②It is neccetsary that …… 很必要……
③It is possible that …… 可能……
3. It+be+动词的过去分词+that从句
① It is said that …… 据说……
②It is well known that…… 众所周知……
③It is reporteol that …… 据报导……
④It must be doyited out that …… 必须指出……
⑤It showld be noticed that…… 应当注意……
⑥it has been proved that…… 已经证明……
在以上1、2、3这种固定说法和译法中，应特别注意It is+……+that……是主语从句还是强调句型，其区别方法是将it is (was),that去掉后再整理，如果句子意思完整，结构正确的为强调句型。
如It is a league meeting that we often have on Friday ofternoon
去掉it、is、that可整理成：we often have a league weeting on Friday fatemoon、句意完整，为强调句型。
以上1、2、3中的句子若去掉it 、is 、that后整理不成句子，或根本无意义、即为主语从句。
4. It+动词+that从句
① It seems (Seemed)that…… 好象是……
②It happened that ……碰巧是……
③It follows that …… 由此可见……
④It goes without saying that…… 不必说……
以that 引导的主语从句，that若在句首时，一般不得省去，若是在以if作形式主语的句子中一般常不省去，但在口语中，有时可以省去。
1.2 表语从句
如It was a pity you didnt go to the talk.
that 引导的表格从句在复合句中作主句的表语，如：
1. My suggestion is that we showld go at once.
2. But the fact remcans that we are behind the others.
引导表语从句的连词一般不省，间或在口语中也可以省去。如：
My touble is I, cant afford newton the tince.
若表语从句中的状语从句在前时，that 不要省去
The reason wea that when Neniton was going to get the bottle of wine, he suddenly had a new idea for the experiment……（SBI. p156）
3.3 同位语从句
that 引导的同位语从句，在某些名词之后，用以说明该名词所表示的具体内容。这些名词有idea, news. fact, promise, reason, thuth. hope. cloubt, thought. beliey. question等. 如：
We heard the news that our team had won. (SBI p127).
They expressed the hope that they would come and visit china again.
There can be no doubt that he is fit for the job.
省时that 引导的同位语从句，可不紧跟在它所说明的名词的后面，如：
An order has come from Derlin that no language but German may be taught in the schools of Alsace and lorraine. (SBⅡ p166)
4 实语从句
that 引导的宾语从句在复合句中作宾语，它常跟在及物动词、介词或一些形容词后。如：
when he got to Englang, he found that his English was too limited. (SBⅠ p2)
The Swade stood quite still, except that his lips moved sligwly. (SBⅠ p253)
Im sure Ill find lots of things I want to buy. (SBⅡ p148)
1. 如果宾语从句后带有共补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，而将that引导的宾语从句后置，如
You may think it strange that anyone would live there. (SBⅠ p267)
I find it necessary that we should learn a litlle grammar
2. 动词. think. beliele. guess. Suppose. 等之后的宾语从句，如果要否定从句的意思，时常需用否定主句的形式。
如. They dont think I can look after muself. (SBⅡ p127)
3. 带宾语从句的主从复合句，若构成反意向句时，共向略部分应根据主句的谓语动词来决定。如：
He said he wanted to viset Japon, diolnt?
但如果陈述部分的主语为第一人称，谓语动词为think、expeet、suppose，beliece, imagine等引导的宾语从句，其疑问部分须与宾语从句构成反意疑问句。即其简略问句部分以从句的主语及谓语动词为准。如：
I dont think he is bright, is he?
We believe she can do it better, cant she?
4. 学习宾语从句应特别注意的问题：
①宾语从句的语序应为陈述式
I dont know where he lives
②宾语从句与主句的时态搭配：
a主句为一般现在时，宾语从句中动词可用它所需要的任何时态。
b主句为一般过去时，宾语从句用与过去有关的时态。即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等。
但是，如果宾语从句的内容为客观真理或不可抗拒的自然规律等，宾语从句仍需使用一般现在时如:
He said that light travels much faster than sound. (JBV p91)
c 在动词 suggest, demand, insist, order等后的宾语从句中，一般用虚拟语气、即用should +动词原形或只用动词原形。
①She suggested that the foreign languages (should) be taught in middle schools……
②They insisted that we (should) begin the work at once
③insist作“坚持”“一定要”时用虚拟语气。
④He ordered that all (should) take part in the work (SBⅠ p114)
(3) 进行that 在宾语从句中，既无意义又不充当任何句子成份，因此在口语或非正式语言中常常略去。
(例略)
但在下列情况下，连词that 是不能省去的。
a 当宾语从句以this或that作主语时。
如：hetold me that that was a red bag.
b 当宾语从句中的状语从句位于它十宾语从句之首时。
如. I made a promise that if armyone set me fres I wowld make him very rich (JBV)
c 用if 作形式宾语时。
如. We thinck it necessary that you should join us in the work.
d. 当宾语从句较长时.
如：Mr Smith explained to them that john had told him all about his past when he asked for a job in his factory
e. 当主句的谓语动词要求双宾语，并直接宾语是由that引导的从句时
如：Mary told me that she wolud be free next weck
2 引导副词性从句
that 引导的副词性从句，即状语从句比较简单，大致可分为：
2.1 由that, So that, in order that 等引导的目的状语从句
如：①They asked the dwve to stop the beast so that they could have a “look”. (SBⅠ. p26)so that 引导的目的状语从句常与情态动词can, could 等连用。
②I got up inorder that I could catch the early bus.
2.2 由that, so that. so... that. such... that等引导的结果状语从句，如
2.2.1 whats the matter that they havent ananswered our telegram yet?
2.2.2 He didnt plan his time well, so that he didnt finish the work in time.
2.2.3 His English was so good that Engles wortehack to pronse him for it. (SB Ⅰp2).
2.2.4 He made such rapid progvess that before long he could write articles in English for an American newspaper. (SBⅠ p2)
2.3 由that, now that, seeing that 等引导的原因状语从句。
2.3.1 在一些表示感情的形容词如 sorry. glad. happy. pleased. swpprised. sorrow 等后的that 从句有些语法家称之谓宾语从句，有些语家称之谓状语从句。
Im glad that I have passed the entrance examination.
2 Now that we all all here. lets begin our cessons.
2.4 由now (that)等引导的时间状语从句.
如Now (that)you mention it, I do remember.
2.5 由on condition (that)等引导的各种状语从句。
如. Ill let you use my dictionavy on conditiom (that) you keep it well.
3 引导形容词性从句
that 作为关系代词，可用来引导形容词性从句（即定语从句），连接主句与从句，它代表先行词，并在定语从句中充当一定的成分。
3.1 that 代表先行词，以可是物或人，that的数和先行词一致.
3.1.1 先行词是物，that 即指物，先行词是人，that即指人
This is the book that I borrowed from the library last week.
Who is the man that is reading the newspaper over there?(SBⅠp35)
3.1.2 先行词是单数，that 即指单数：
There is a family of ants that lives below a tree in front of our house (SBⅠp171)
先行词是复数，hat 即指复数，Today many rivers that were polluted. are qetting cleaner and cleaner. (SBⅠ p195)
3.2 That在定语从句中充当一定的成分，即：
3.2.1 作主语：
When they observed ed anything that happened; They thought about it and then drew a conclusion(SBⅠ p44)
A plane is a machine that can fly. (SBⅠ p35)
that在定语从句中作主语，不得省去。
但在there be 句型中，that虽在定语从句中作主语，有时也可省去。如：
Theres a man(that) hives in that village.
Theres something (that)keeps worrying me.
3.2.2 作宾语
That was all (that) she had saved. (SBⅡ p239)
The finger (that) I put into my mouth was not the one (that) I had dipped into the cup. (SBⅠ. p35)
that 在定语从句中作宾语常可省去。
3.2.3 作表语
She is no longer the girl (that) she was before she went to college.
that引导定语从句并在从句中作表语，此时that常可省去
3.2.4 作宾语补足语：
Im not the fool (that) you thought me.
that 引导定语从句并在从句中作宾语补足语，此时that常可省去。
3.3 that 引导的定语从句与同位语从句的区别。
that 可引导一从句跟在一名词或代词之后，到底是定语从句还是同位语从句。
从基本含义说来，that引导的定语从句，是其先行词不可缺少的定语，而that引导的同位词从句，只是对其前的名词作进一步的解释或补充说明。
从that 的句法功能说来，that 在定语从句中，既代表先行词，又在从句中充当一定的成份，即主语、宾语、宾语补足语与表语。而在同位语从句中，that 不充当任何成份。
因此我们要区别that 引导的从句，是同位语从句或是定语从句，可用下面的方法
3.3.1 去掉that, 若从句的意思完整的，是同位语从句，若从句的意思不完整的，就是定语从句，如：
Every one agreed to the suggestion ston that the students should review English at once 去掉that 与从句the students should review English at ence的意思完整为同位语从句。
Everyone agreed to the sugguestion that the students put forward 去掉that 与从句the students put forward 的意思不完整，即缺宾语，为定语从句。
3.3.2 用be的不同形式代替that. 如意思完整则为同位语从句，否则为定语从句。如：
The news that our team won the match is not true. 中成用is 代替that, The news is our team owon the match. our team won the match 是the news 的具体内容，其本身our team won the match 意思完整，是同位语从句。
I heard the news that he told me 中用is 代替that I heard the news is he told me, the news is he told me 不成意思。是定语从句。
4 在定语从句中，只用that，不用that的情况
在定语从句中，由于先行词本身或先行词受其修饰词的影响，that的用法比较复杂。现说明如下：
4.1 只用that的情况：
4.1.1 先行词为anything everything. all any much. little. a little few, a few等不定代词时。如：
a. whey they observed anything that happened, they tought about if and then draw a conclusion (SBⅠ p44)
b. Not only was everything he had taken away from him. put also his German citizen ship (SBⅡ p106)
c. That uas all she had saved.
当先行词为不定代词时，关系代词that 如作主语，不得省去（a），如作宾语常常省去（bc）.
当先行词为不定代词comething时，关系代词用that 也可用which 如
Theres something that (which)keeps worrying me.(SBⅢ p64)
4.1.2 先行词本身是形容词最高级及序数词，或先行词被形容词最高级及序数词所修饰时。
如：a. Is that the pest that you can do?
b. “Children” he said, “this is the last time that I shall give you a lesson.(SBⅡ. p166)
4.1.3 先行词被the very. the only. the same. any. no等修饰时。如：
a. He is the very man that I wanted to see.
b. You can take any room (that) you like.
4.1.4 先行词既有人又有物时，如：
later my fatter and mr. Crossett talkel for about half an hour of things and persons (that) They remembered in the school
该句中的名词things and persons 为先行词，They remembered in the school. 为定语从句。其关系代词应为that, 因that 在定语从句中作remembered的宾语，故可省去。
4.2 不用that的情况：
4.2.1 介词+关系代词一起引导定语从句时，即，关系代词that在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，介词不能放在它的前面，只能放在从句中有关动词的后面。
如：The room that she lives in is a large one (SBⅠ p53)
当介词放在从句中有关动词后面时，关系代词that在口语或非正式文体中常常省去。
如：This is the room we livecd in last year.
4.2.2 非限定性定语从句中不用that, 指人用who. 指物或干一件事用which.
①She heard a terrible noise, which brought her heart into her mouth. (MET 91)
②The weather turned out to be very good, which was more than we could expect. (Nmet 94)
4.2.3 先行词为人时，关系代词在下列情况下不用that.
a. 在以there be 开头的句中，如
There is a man who wants to see you.
b. 当先行词有较长的后置定语时，如
Do you know the woman in blue, with a balay on her back who is working in the field?
c. 在以these 开头的句子中：如：
Those who are Party members should go first
d. 连接all those 开头的句子中：如
All those who want to see the film put up your hands.
e. 当先行词为one. the one. the ones. anyone 时
如The man you must talk with is the one who knows me well.
4.2.4 当先行词为that时，如：
Whats that which was flashed in the sky just now?