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汞离子(Hg2+)即使在微量浓度下也会给人类健康和环境带来危害,因此发展快速、经济、具有高灵敏度和高选择性检测汞离子的方法是非常重要的.纳米材料由于其优异的光学特性,为环境中检测痕量汞离子的光学传感器的设计提供了一种强有力的手段.基于纳米材料的光学传感器具有简单、快速、经济、灵敏等优异特性.本文综述了利用功能化纳米材料(包括贵金属,金属团簇,半导体量子点和碳点)检测汞离子的光学方法的最新进展,分别描述了比色法、荧光法和表面增强拉曼散射法对汞离子的检测路线,和每种检测方法的检测原理,最后讨论了未来发展基于纳米材料检测汞离子的光学传感器的前景和挑战.
Mercury ions (Hg2 +) are harmful to human health and the environment even in trace concentrations, so it is important to develop a rapid, economical and sensitive method for the detection of mercury ions with high selectivity. Due to its excellent Optical properties provide a powerful means for the design of optical sensors for the detection of trace mercury in the environment.Optical sensors based on nanomaterials are characterized by their simplicity, rapidity, economy and sensitivity.In this paper, Recent advances in optical methods for the detection of mercury ions in materials, including noble metals, metal clusters, semiconductor quantum dots, and carbon dots, describe the detection of mercury ions by colorimetry, fluorescence, and surface enhanced Raman scattering, respectively, and The detection principle of each detection method is discussed. Finally, the future development of optical sensors based on nanomaterials for mercury ion detection is discussed.