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在熔炼铝及铝合金时,会产生大量的氧化物,会有一定量的其他金属及非金属杂质混入融体中,还会溶解大量的氢。这些杂质及气体对产品的工艺性能及最终性能危害甚大,因此,如何除去它们,铸出优质的铝锭,是冶金工作者的一项重大任务。混入融体中的氧化物及其他非金属或金属固态颗粒是:1)氧化物,是金属与空气中的氧反应形成的,在表1中列出了铝融体中可能出现的氧化物的形成自由能。由表内所列的数据可见,最可能出现的是 MgO 与 Al_2O_3。BeO 虽易形成,但由于其比重小,形成浮渣,易于除去;2)晶粒细化剂 Al-Ti-B 中间合金的残余粗大 Ti-B 粒子;
When smelting aluminum and aluminum alloy, will produce a large amount of oxide, there will be a certain amount of other metal and non-metallic impurities mixed into the melt, but also dissolve a lot of hydrogen. These impurities and gases are detrimental to the process performance and the final properties of the product. Therefore, how to remove them and cast high-quality aluminum ingots is a major task for metallurgists. Oxides and other non-metallic or metallic solid particles incorporated into the melt are: 1) oxides, formed by the reaction of metals with oxygen in the air, and in Table 1, the oxides of Form free energy. As can be seen from the data presented in the table, MgO and Al 2 O 3 are most likely to occur. BeO is easy to form, but due to its small specific gravity, scum is formed and easily removed. 2) Remaining coarse Ti-B particles of grain refiner Al-Ti-B master alloy;