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在黄土高原西北部地区对砂田西瓜的集雨补灌效应进行了研究。试验采用滴灌方式 ,设 0 mm (D0 )、2 2 .5mm(D1 )、45.0 mm(D2 )和 67.5mm(D3 ) 4个灌水量处理。区组内各处理随机排列 ,四次重复。试验结果表明 :在西瓜全生育期 ,每个处理 0～ 1 2 0 cm土层的土壤水分含量均呈下降趋势 ,下降的幅度随着补灌量的增加而减小。全生育期补灌 67.5mm的处理土壤含水量最高 ,比没有补灌的对照处理高 2 .2 %。土壤水分的变化在 0～ 40 cm土层比较活跃 ,其次是 40～ 80 cm土层 ,而 80～ 1 2 0 cm土层的含水量变化相对比较稳定。对砂田西瓜进行补灌可以提高产量和水分利用效率。补灌 45mm和 67.5mm的处理比对照分别增产36.3%和 45.7%。补灌 67.5mm处理的水分利用率最高 ,为 2 6.7kg/ m3 ,比对照增加 1 7.0 % ;该处理的净利润和每单位 (m3 )水的净利润也最高 ,分别达 43.677元 / hm2 和 1 8.48元 / m3 ,比不补灌的对照处理高2 9 .9%和 1 5.3%。补灌量对西瓜的含糖量也有影响 ,补灌量低于 45mm,各处理之间含糖量的差异不大 ,补灌量为 67.5mm,西瓜含糖量降低 0 .44%。补灌对西瓜的产量、含糖量和水分利用率均有影响 ,砂田西瓜只有补灌量控制在 45mm左右 ,才能既提高产量和水分利用率 ,又不降低西瓜品质
In the northwestern part of the Loess Plateau, the effect of water catchment on watermelon in sandy land was studied. The drip irrigation method was used in this experiment. Four irrigation treatments: 0 mm (D0), 225 mm (D1), 45.0 mm (D2) and 67.5 mm (D3) Districts within the group randomly arranged, repeated four times. The results showed that in the whole growth period of watermelon, the soil water content of 0 ~ 120 cm soil layer of each treatment showed a decreasing trend, and the decreasing extent decreased with the increase of supplementary irrigation amount. During the whole growth period, the water content of 67.5mm irrigation was the highest, which was 2.2% higher than the control treatment without irrigation water. The change of soil moisture was more active in 0 ~ 40 cm soil layer, followed by 40 ~ 80 cm soil layer, while the change of water content in 80 ~ 120 cm soil layer was relatively stable. Watering melon on sand field can increase yield and water use efficiency. The treatments of filling 45mm and 67.5mm increased 36.3% and 45.7% respectively compared with the control. The highest water use efficiency of 67.5mm treatment was 2 6.7kg / m3, which increased by 1 7.0% compared with the control. Net profit of this treatment and net profit per unit (m3) of water were the highest, reaching 43.677 yuan / hm2 and 1 8.48 yuan / m3, which was 29.9% and 13.3% higher than that of CK. Supplementation of watermelon has an impact on the sugar content, make up less than 45mm, the difference between the sugar content of the treatment is not large, make up the amount of 67.5mm, watermelon sugar content decreased by 0.44%. Water supplement irrigation on the yield of watermelon, sugar content and water use efficiency are affected, sand watermelon only make up the amount of irrigation control in about 45mm, in order to both improve yield and water use efficiency, without reducing the quality of watermelon