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1998年哈萨克斯坦发起了养老金制度改革,其主要特点是以雇员供款为基础,由国家委托私人管理个人养老金的资本帐户。哈萨克斯坦的养老金体系由积累制养老金和现收现付制养老金构成,前者面向中青年,后者针对中老年。到2019年的过渡期,一部分人养老金收入主要由国家养老金组成,一部分人的养老金构成部分中,国家养老金所占比例将会下降。他们的养老金收入主要是由养老金的积累部分和基本养老金构成,二者比例大致相同。男性与女性在转型期养老金收入上有一定的差异。
In 1998, Kazakhstan initiated the reform of the pension system. Its main feature is the capital account on the basis of employee contributions, which is entrusted by the state to privately manage individual pensions. Kazakhstan’s pension system consists of a system of pensions and pay-as-you-go pensions, the former for young and middle-aged, the latter for middle-aged and elderly. By the year 2019, some people’s pension income will be mainly composed of state pensions. Among the pension components of some people, the proportion of state pensions will decline. Their pension income mainly consists of the accumulated portion of pensions and basic pensions, and the proportions of the two are about the same. Men and women have some differences in the pension income during the transition period.