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一、前言在铁路选线中,小桥涵的勘设任务很重。据统计,小桥涵的数量一般约占全部桥涵总数的75％;修建小桥涵的费用约为线路总造价的10～20％。而小桥涵工程的大小,又以小流域的洪峰流量作为基本依据。由于我国幅员广大,各地区的气候、地质,地貌和植被等自然条件差异很大,人类活动频繁,至今还没有建立全国统一的小流域暴雨洪峰流量计算公式。西北、华北、西南、华东及中南各地区根据铁路选线小桥涵设计的要
I. Introduction In railway alignment, the task of reconstructing bridges and culverts is very heavy. According to statistics, the number of small bridges and culverts generally accounts for about 75% of the total number of bridges and culverts; the cost of constructing small bridges and culverts is about 10% to 20% of the total cost of the line. The size of small bridges and culverts, but also to the small watershed peak flow as the basic basis. Owing to the vast territory of our country, the climate, geology, geomorphology and vegetation in various regions have great differences in natural conditions and frequent human activities. So far, no unified national formula has been established for calculating the peak flow of rainstorms in small watersheds. Northwest, North China, Southwest, East China and South Africa according to the design of small bridges and culverts