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生物质是唯一可替代化石资源获取液态燃料和化学品的可再生资源,近年来由生物质转化合成乙酰丙酸酯引起了研究者们越来越广泛的关注。乙酰丙酸酯是一类重要的化学中间体和新能源化学品,具有高的反应特性和广泛的工业应用价值。目前开发的从生物质资源出发转化合成乙酰丙酸酯的潜在合成途径可概括为4种:直接酸催化醇解法、经乙酰丙酸酯化、经5-氯甲基糠醛醇解和经糠醇醇解。本文分别介绍了这4种转化合成途径的化学反应过程及最新研究进展,从反应合成工艺、催化体系、经济可行性等方面评述了各自的特点与发展趋势,并分析了目前工业规模转化生物质合成乙酰丙酸酯仍面临的一些科学难点。最后,对今后该领域的研究前景进行了展望。
Biomass is the only renewable resource that can replace fossil resources to obtain liquid fuels and chemicals. In recent years, the conversion of biomass into levulinic acid has attracted more and more researchers’ attention. Levulinic esters are a class of important chemical intermediates and new energy chemicals, with high reaction characteristics and a wide range of industrial applications. The potential synthetic routes for the conversion of levulinic acid from biomass sources are now generalized to four types: direct acid-catalyzed alcoholysis, levulinic acid esterification, alcoholysis with 5-chloromethylfurfural and reaction with furfuryl alcohol solution. In this paper, the chemical reaction process and the latest research progress of these four conversion routes were introduced respectively. The characteristics and development trends were reviewed from the aspects of reaction synthesis, catalytic system, economic feasibility and so on. The current industrial scale conversion of biomass Synthetic levulinate still faces some scientific difficulties. Finally, the prospect of the future research in this field is prospected.