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从60年代到80年代,计算机产业迅速成长,成为发达国家中举足轻重的“朝阳产业”。在这一时期,西欧各国计算机工业在美国计算机工业的雄厚实力和强大的竞争压力下,逐步衰落。只有日本,从弱到强,冲破了美国计算机“巨人”的垄断地位,成为目前唯一可与美国竟争的对手。取得这个地位的原因,除了日本有利的社会环境、经济环境外,与日本政府明确的产业振兴政策和全社会的参与协作是分不开的。本文将简略介绍日本计算机产业的发展历程,评述日本政府为振兴计算机产业的发展所采取的有关政策。
From the 60’s to the 80’s, the computer industry grew rapidly and became the “sunrise industry” in the developed countries. During this period, the computer industries in Western Europe gradually declined under the strong strength and strong competitive pressure of the US computer industry. Only Japan, from weak to strong, broke the monopoly position of the US computer giant and became the only rival that can compete with the United States. The reasons for this status are inseparable from Japan’s favorable social and economic environment, and the clear involvement of the government of Japan in the promotion of industrial revitalization policies and the participation of the entire society. This article will briefly introduce the development history of the Japanese computer industry and review the policies adopted by the Japanese government to revitalize the development of the computer industry.