晚清的“新政” ,过去学术界多从清朝统治者为挽救其统治地位的角度加以研究 ,几乎全盘否定。近年来 ,学者对旨在向西方学习、富国强兵的晚清“新政” ,在推动中国近代化中的作用作了一些肯定。就是在地处西北边疆的新疆维吾尔族地区 ,晚清“新政”的推行 ,也在“练兵”、“兴学”、“商务”、“工艺”等方面有所变革 ,使新疆地区近代化经济有所萌芽。尽管这些变革和萌芽未改变其原有根深蒂固的封建经济制度和政治体制 ,但是却代表了社会发展的趋势 ,是冲破新疆经济发展桎梏的有力武器 ,必然会由萌芽而成长、壮大。 In the late Qing Dynasty, the “New Deal” has in the past been mostly neglected by scholars from the perspectives of the rulers of the Qing Dynasty in order to save their dominance. In recent years, scholars have affirmed the role of the “New Deal” in the late Qing dynasty, which was intended to learn from the west and become a rich and powerful army, in promoting China’s modernization. That is, in the Xinjiang Uygur ethnic region located in the northwestern frontier, the implementation of the “New Deal” in the late Qing Dynasty also made some changes in areas such as “training troops,” “learning,” “business,” and “craftsmanship.” This has brought about the modernization of Xinjiang’s economy Sprout. Although these changes and embryos did not change their original deep-rooted feudal economic system and political system, they represented the trend of social development and a powerful weapon for breaking through the shackles of economic development in Xinjiang. They will inevitably grow up and grow up from the seeds.