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目的进一步掌握徐州市围产儿出生缺陷的发生率和种类,探索出生缺陷的影响因素,为制定降低出生缺陷发生的干预措施提供依据。方法回顾性分析2004年～2009年徐州市开展助产的医疗机构分娩的围产儿出生缺陷监测资料。结果 6年监测676 014例围产儿,其中出生缺陷儿2400例,平均出生缺陷发生率为3.55‰,2004年～2009年的出生缺陷发生率分别为3.15‰、3.36‰、3.64‰、3.97‰、3.09‰、3.86‰,总体呈上升趋势。前5位出生缺陷依次为唇裂合并腭裂、多并指(趾)、神经管畸形(包括无脑畸形、脊柱裂、脑膨出)、唇裂、先天性脑积水。结论提倡婚检,定期产前检查,开展产前诊断及新生儿筛查技术,加强健康宣教,提高群众的优生优育意识,是降低出生缺陷发生率和围产儿死亡率的有效措施。
Objective To further understand the incidence and types of birth defects in perinatal children in Xuzhou and explore the influencing factors of birth defects so as to provide basis for making interventions to reduce birth defects. Methods A retrospective analysis was made on the monitoring data of birth defects in perinatal delivery in medical institutions that carried out midwifery in Xuzhou from 2004 to 2009. Results A total of 676 014 perinatal children were monitored in 6 years. Among them, 2,400 were born with birth defects and the average incidence of birth defects was 3.55 ‰. The incidence of birth defects from 2004 to 2009 were 3.15 ‰, 3.36 ‰, 3.64 ‰ and 3.97 ‰ respectively, 3.09 ‰, 3.86 ‰, the overall upward trend. The first five birth defects followed by cleft lip cleft palate, multiple and finger (toes), neural tube defects (including anencephaly, spina bifida, encephalocele), cleft lip, congenital hydrocephalus. Conclusions Promote premarital examination, regular prenatal examination, prenatal diagnosis and neonatal screening techniques, strengthen health education, raise the awareness of the masses of eugenics, is to reduce the incidence of birth defects and perinatal mortality effective measures.