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为明确冬季条垛堆肥过程中温室气体排放规律和主要影响因素,以猪粪和玉米秸秆为原料,研究了冬季条垛式堆肥过程中翻堆和覆盖作用对温室气体和氨气排放的影响。试验结果表明,在冬季堆肥高温期能维持2周以上,达到良好的卫生化效果;而在腐熟期堆体温度迅速下降,微生物活性停滞,堆肥腐熟进程受抑制。初始总有机碳的0.14%～0.76%以CH4损失,NH3和N2O的挥发则分别占到了初始总氮的10.3%～29.5%和0.81%～3.93%。数据分析结果显示,翻堆能够显著减少堆肥化过程中N2O和CH4排放,但增加NH3的排放。覆盖能够减少NH3的挥发,增加甲烷的排放,对N2O排放的影响不显著。
In order to clarify the law of greenhouse gas emission and the main influencing factors during the process of winter stacker composting, pig manure and corn stalks were used as raw materials to study the effects of turning over and covering on greenhouse gas and ammonia emission during winter stacker composting. The results showed that the compost could be kept in high temperature for more than two weeks in winter, which achieved good hygienic effect. During the maturity stage, the temperature of the pile decreased rapidly, the activity of microorganism stagnated and the compost maturation process was inhibited. The initial total organic carbon from 0.14% to 0.76% of CH4 loss, NH3 and N2O volatilization accounted for the initial total nitrogen of 10.3% to 29.5% and 0.81% to 3.93%. Data analysis shows that turning over can significantly reduce N2O and CH4 emissions during composting, but increase NH3 emissions. Covering can reduce the volatilization of NH3 and increase the emission of methane, but has no significant effect on the emission of N2O.