本文认为，加强研究公民选举权利对改革完善选举制度意义重大。剖析公民选举权利本质，既要揭示所有公民权利的共性本质，又须阐明选举权利的独有本质特征。历史上的公民权利理论都没有说明公民选举权利的本质。用阶级分析方法来看待公民选举权利的本质有其历史必然性，但目前已不适应社会主义初级阶段的社会经济政治生活。本文以邓小平理论为指导，针对建设有中国特色社会主义的实践，提出了物质财富是公民选举权利本质的观点，并阐述了其丰富内涵 This article argues that strengthening the study of citizen’s right to vote is of great significance to the reform and improvement of the election system. To analyze the nature of citizen’s right to vote not only reveals the common nature of all civil rights, but also states the unique essential features of the right to vote. The history of civil rights theory does not explain the nature of the citizen’s right to vote. It has its historic inevitability to regard the essence of citizen’s election rights by the method of class analysis. However, it has not adapted to the socio-economic and political life at the initial stage of socialism. Taking Deng Xiaoping Theory as a guide, in view of the practice of building socialism with Chinese characteristics, this paper puts forward the view that material wealth is the essence of civil rights of citizens and expounds its rich connotation