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目的:探讨植物寄生类彝药药性中的四气、五味及功效。方法:借鉴中药药性理论,采用文献数据整理与挖掘的方法,对彝医药现存古籍—《彝药志》、《聂苏诺期》、《彝族医药》等十余部文献中记载的26种常用植物寄生类彝药进行四气、五味及功效规律的总结。结果:植物寄生类彝药的四气构成比为温性>寒性=凉性>平性>热性;五味中单味构成比为含苦味>含涩味>含辛味=含酸味>含甘味=含淡味>含咸味。从多味组合角度看,两味组合中苦涩的有7种,苦辛、酸苦、酸涩各1种;三味组合为酸苦涩、苦辛涩各1个。结论:植物寄生类彝药药性的四气以温性药居多,寒、凉类次之,平性再次之,无热性药。五味有单味、两味及三味的组合,其中单味以苦味最多,无淡味药。两味以苦涩味最多,三味包括酸苦涩、苦辛涩。清热解毒、祛风除湿、补益肝肾是植物寄生类彝药的三大主要功效。
Objective: To investigate the four gas, five flavors and efficacy in the medicinal properties of Yi parasitic plants. Methods: By referring to the theory of Chinese medicinal properties, and using the methods of document data collation and excavation, we analyzed 26 existing commonly used ancient books of Yi medicine, such as “Yi Yao Zhi”, “Nie Su Nuo Period” and “Yi Medicine” Plant parasitic Yi medicine for four gas, five flavors and efficacy of the law. Results: The four-gas composition ratio of plant-parasitic Yi medicine was temperature> coldness = coolness> flatness> hotness; the single flavor composition ratio of the five flavors included bitterness> astringency> aroma content = sourness> = Light with salty taste. From the perspective of multi-flavor combination, there are 7 kinds of bitter, 2 bitter, sour bitter, and 1 bitter each in the two-flavor combination. The combination of three flavors is sour and bitter as well as one bitter and bitter. CONCLUSION: The medicinal properties of plant parasitoid Yi medicine are mostly warm medicines, followed by cold and cold products, followed by flatness again, without any heat medicine. Five flavors have a single taste, two flavors and the combination of three flavors, of which the single taste to the most bitter, no light medicine. Two flavors to bitter astringent, sour, including bitter, bitter astringent. Detoxification, expelling wind and dampness, replenishing liver and kidney is a plant parasitic Yi medicine three main effects.