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目的探讨不同年龄与不同孕周的50g葡萄糖负荷试验(GCT)对筛查妊娠期糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM)的临床意义,以及与孕妇年龄、孕周的关系。方法对在本院妇产科门诊和住院进行糖筛查试验的孕妇1383例,按孕龄分成<24周(A组)、24~28周(B组)、>28周(C组),对GCT阳性再行75g葡萄糖耐量试验(oral glucose tolerance test,OGTT),根据血糖结果分为正常组、妊娠期糖耐量减低组(gestational impaired glucose tolerance,GIGT)、妊娠期糖尿病组(GDM),再进行分组研究。结果GCT与OGTT异常检出率在不同孕周之间对照差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),GCT与OGTT异常检出率在不同年龄之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论孕期均适用于做50g葡萄糖试验,而非仅适用于24~28周;妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)的发生与孕妇的年龄密切相关,所以对高龄孕妇应及时行GCT检查。
Objective To investigate the clinical significance of 50g glucose load test (GCT) at different gestational ages and gestational age in screening gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and its relationship with pregnant women ’s age and gestational age. Methods A total of 1383 pregnant women undergoing oral glucose screening tests in obstetrics and gynecology clinics and inpatients were divided into groups of 24 weeks (group A), 24 to 28 weeks (group B) and 28 weeks (group C) The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was again performed on GCT positive and divided into normal group, gestational impaired glucose tolerance (GIGT) group, gestational diabetes group (GDM) Group study. Results There was no significant difference in the detection rate of GCT and OGTT among different gestation weeks (P> 0.05). The detection rates of GCT and OGTT were statistically different between different ages (P <0.05). Conclusion Pregnancy is suitable for 50g glucose test, not only for 24 to 28 weeks. The incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is closely related to the age of pregnant women, so GCT should be performed in advanced pregnant women.