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针对钛合金蒙皮骨架结构,研究了不同激光焊接工艺参数对其焊缝成形的影响,观察并分析了焊缝的微观组织形貌。结果表明:焊缝熔深、熔宽随着激光功率的升高和焊接速度的降低逐渐增加;骨架的宽度、厚度以及蒙皮与骨架间的间隙量对熔深、熔宽的影响不大,间隙量增大使焊缝表面咬边、凹陷明显;焊缝组织为针状马氏体α’组成的网篮组织,热影响区中存在少量细小马氏体组织,且呈梯度分布。由于马氏体的界面增强效应,焊缝横向显微硬度沿焊缝中心向母材逐渐降低;蒙皮上焊缝的显微硬度值略高于骨架上焊缝硬度值。
According to the skeleton structure of titanium alloy, the influence of different laser welding process parameters on the weld formation was studied, and the microstructure of the weld was observed and analyzed. The results show that the penetration depth and the weld width increase with the increase of the laser power and the welding speed. The width and thickness of the skeleton and the gap between the skin and the skeleton have little effect on the penetration depth and the weld width. The amount of clearance increased so that the weld surface was undercut and sagged obviously. The weld microstructure was a net basket composed of acicular martensite α ’, and a small amount of fine martensite was present in the HAZ with a gradient distribution. Due to the martensite interface enhancement effect, the transverse microhardness of the weld gradually decreases toward the base metal along the weld center. The microhardness of the weld on the skin is slightly higher than that of the weld.