论文部分内容阅读
一、意义日本市场上出售的番茄种子,95%以上都是一代杂交种,每年需用人工杂交进行播种。在播种经费中,除杂作业一项所占比例,竟达70%之多。利用雄性不育系进行番茄一代杂交种采种,早已为人们所注意。美国加利福尼亚大学的里克教授等人,就曾发现到许许多多的雄性不育基因。但是,要把这种性状运用到一代杂交种采种上,还需要进行多次回交。为避免这种雄性不育基因在连续的回交过程中失去其遗传性,需要有数量很大的各代供试个体。因此,最好直接采用诱发的方法,使一代杂种母本本身产生雄性不育系。另外,从做为突变育种的目标性状来说,雄性不育系应具有以下几个特点:(1)易于识别。(2)为隐性基因所支配。(3)由于支配雄性不育的基因为
First, the meaning of the Japanese market for the sale of tomato seeds, more than 95% of the generation of hybrids, annual artificial sowing need to be hybridized. In the sowing expenses, the proportion of miscellaneous miscellaneous operations, as much as 70%. The use of male-sterile lines for hybrid tomato seed collection has long been people’s attention. Professor Rick and others at the University of California, Los Angeles, have discovered many male sterility genes. However, to apply this trait to the generation of hybrids, it is necessary to carry out multiple backcrosses. To avoid the loss of heritability of this male sterility gene during successive backcrosses, a large number of individuals are required for testing. Therefore, it is best to adopt the induced method directly to make the male sterile lines of the first generation of hybrid maternals themselves. In addition, as the target trait of mutation breeding, male sterile lines should have the following characteristics: (1) easy to identify. (2) is dominated by recessive genes. (3) Because the genes that govern male sterility are