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针对集群环境下的企业合作,在AJ模型的基础上,引入初始生产成本、创新系数、溢出程度、产品相似系数四个变量,通过模拟仿真,分析了企业在完全合作(研发和生产两阶段都合作)、半合作Ⅰ(仅在研发阶段合作)、半合作Ⅱ(仅在生产阶段合作)、完全不合作(研发和生产两阶段都不合作)四种合作创新模式中,各变量对企业收益的影响,得出不同环境变量下企业最优的合作策略.研究表明:集群的技术扩散环境会削弱集群内企业研发合作的动力;前两种合作模式下,企业收益随溢出程度的增加而增加,后两种模式下,先增加后减小;对于创新效率较高的企业,研发阶段的合作相比生产阶段合作更能为其带来超额收益;对于产品同质性较强的企业,生产阶段的合作更重要;企业间的产品越同质,合作效果会越好.
Based on the AJ model, four variables of initial production cost, innovation coefficient, overflow degree and product similarity coefficient are introduced for the cooperation of enterprises in a cluster environment. Through the simulation, the author analyzes the relationship between the enterprises in full cooperation (R & D and production phases All cooperation), semi-cooperation Ⅰ (cooperation only in the research and development phase), semi-cooperation Ⅱ (cooperation only in the production phase), totally noncooperative (both R & D and production phase are not cooperative) The research shows that the technological diffusion environment of cluster will weaken the driving force of enterprise R & D cooperation in cluster; in the first two cooperation modes, the return of enterprise increases with the increase of spillover degree Increase, and then increase in the latter two modes and then decrease; for enterprises with higher innovation efficiency, the cooperation in the R & D phase can bring more returns than the cooperation in the production phase; for enterprises with strong product homogeneity, Cooperation in the production stage is more important; the more homogeneous the products among enterprises, the better the cooperation will be.