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单胺氧化酶B(MAOB)是一类黄素依赖性蛋白酶,由520个氨基酸构成,通过C端的跨膜螺旋结合于线粒体外膜。MAOB基因定位于X染色体,核心启动子位于-246/-99。MAOB基因表达受多种因素调控。MAOB在多巴胺代谢途径中发挥重要作用。可将多巴胺降解为二羟苯乙酸,并生成过氧化氢。MAOB基因敲除小鼠对神经毒素1-甲基-4-苯基-1,2,3,6-四羟嘧啶(MPTP)具有耐受性。MAOB分布于脑内特定脑区,在多种神经元退行性疾病中发现脑内MAOB活性升高。MAOB可能发挥着调节氧化应激、参与神经元退行性变等作用。
Monoamine oxidase B (MAOB) is a type of flavin-dependent protease consisting of 520 amino acids that is bound to the mitochondrial outer membrane via a C-terminal transmembrane helix. The MAOB gene is located on the X chromosome and the core promoter is located at -246 / -99. MAOB gene expression is regulated by many factors. MAOB plays an important role in dopamine metabolism. Dopamine can be degraded to dihydroxybenzene acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide can be formed. MAOB knockout mice are resistant to the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydroxypyrimidine (MPTP). MAOB is located in specific brain regions of the brain and is found to have elevated MAOB activity in various neuronal degenerative diseases. MAOB may play a role in regulating oxidative stress, involved in neuronal degeneration and so on.