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目的分析2010-2014年云浮市流感病原学监测结果,总结流感流行规律,为预防和控制流感流行提供科学依据。方法设立流感监测哨点医院,每周采集流感样病例鼻咽拭子,采用狗肾传代细胞进行流感病毒分离或实时荧光RT-PCR检测流感病毒核酸,用血凝抑制试验或实时荧光RT-PCR进行病毒亚型鉴定。结果 2010-2014年共采集咽拭子标本11 723份,流感阳性986份,阳性率8.4%,各年份检出阳性率(分别为9.6%、1.6%、10.5%、4.7%、12.7%和8.4%)间差异有统计学意义(χ~2=231.61,P=0.00)。阳性标本中A1(H1N1)占0.4%(4/986),A3(H3N2)占36.8%(363/986),新甲型H1N1占27.1%(267/986),Bv占22.9%(226/986),By占12.8%(126/986)。0~岁、5~岁、15~岁、25~岁和>60岁组间检出阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=104.5,P=0.00)。2010年流感检出高峰出现在3-9月,2012年在1-3月,2013年在3-6月和12月,2014年在1-4月和6-7月。结论云浮市流感以混合流行为主,每年流行优势株均有不同,流行具有一定的季节性,1-7月活动性强,存在冬春季和夏季两个流行高峰。
Objective To analyze the results of influenza etiology surveillance in Yunfu City from 2010 to 2014 and summarize the prevalence of influenza and provide a scientific basis for preventing and controlling the influenza epidemic. Methods Influenza surveillance sentinel hospitals were set up. Influenza-like nasopharyngeal swabs were collected weekly. Influenza virus isolation or real-time fluorescence RT-PCR was used to detect influenza virus nucleic acid. The hemagglutination inhibition test or real-time fluorescence RT-PCR Virus subtype identification. Results A total of 11 723 throat swabs were collected from 2010 to 2014, with 986 influenza positives and the positive rate was 8.4%. The positive rates were 9.6%, 1.6%, 10.5%, 4.7%, 12.7% and 8.4% respectively %) Was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 231.61, P = 0.00). Positive samples accounted for 0.4% (4/986) for A1 (H1N1), 36.8% (363/986) for A3 (H3N2), 27.1% (267/986) for new type A H1N1 and 22.9% for Bv ) By, accounting for 12.8% (126/986). There were significant differences in the positive rates between 0 ~ 5 years old, 15 ~ 25 years old and> 60 years old (χ ~ 2 = 104.5, P = 0.00). In 2010, the peak of influenza was detected in March-September, January-March in 2012, March-June in 2013 and December in 2013, January-April in 2014 and June-July in 2014. Conclusion The prevalence of influenza in Yunfu City was mainly mixed with epidemic. The epidemic dominant strains were different in each year. The prevalence was seasonal. The activity was highly active in January to July. There were two epidemic peaks in winter, spring and summer.