中学生物学教学中,会提到化石、“活化石”和孑遗生物三个名词术语。这三个名词术语有相似之处,教材里又未着重区别它们,学生变往含糊不清。笔者曾读了《什么叫“活化石”》(载85年第10期《生物学通报》,作者李建中)一文,总有言未尽意之感。本文试在李文的基础上充实一些必要的内容,使其更具体、明确一些,也许对教师完满地解答学生的疑问有所帮助。化石,从字面上讲就是古生物化为石质的意思。一般指经过自然界的作用,保存于地层里的古生物遗体、遗物和遗迹。据此,一般说的化石有三类:遗体化石、遗物化石和遗迹化石。1934年在北京周口店龙骨山发现的北京猿人骨胳,1965年发现的云南元谋人牙齿,还有 High school biology teaching, will refer to fossils, “living fossils” and relics three terminology. There are similarities between these three terms, but the textbook does not focus on distinguishing them. Students are ambiguous. The author once read “what is called” living fossils “” (contained in the 10th issue of biology in 85 years, author Li Jianzhong) a text, there is always a sense of ungodliness. This article tries to enrich some necessary contents on the basis of Li Wen, make it more specific and definite, and may be helpful to teachers in answering questions of students satisfactorily. Fossils, literally speaking, paleontology for the meaning of stone. Generally refers to the role of nature, preserved in the strata of paleontological remains, relics and relics. Accordingly, there are generally three types of fossils: the remains of fossils, relics and relics. In 1934 in Beijing Zhoukoudian keel mountain found in Beijing ape bones, Yunnan found in 1965 Yuanmou teeth, as well as