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目的与方法 1994年上海南市区新生儿与学龄前儿童普种乙肝疫苗后8年乙肝感染和免疫水平进行血清学调查。结果与结论与十年前相比,1～8岁儿童 HBsAg 平均携带率从既往9.21%下降为0,41%;9～14岁儿童的携带率从12.8%下降到2%以下,而15岁以上 HBsAg 则与1984年本底调查结果一致,仍保持在10%以上,说明乙肝疫苗远期效果很好,实施新生儿普种,可在一代人期间使人群 HBsAg 携带率降到1%以下.学龄前接种也可得到显著的免疫效果。随着乙肝疫苗在人群中的大规模应用,人群免疫水平大大提高,因接种年限不等,1～12岁人群抗-HBs 阳性率在50%与90%之间.
Objective and Methods Serological investigation was conducted on hepatitis B infection and immunization level after eight years of universal hepatitis B vaccine in neonates and preschool children in Nanshi District, Shanghai. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with 10 years ago, the average carrying rate of HBsAg in children aged 1-8 years decreased from 9.21% to 0,41%, while the carriage rate of children aged 9-14 decreased from 12.8% to below 2% The above HBsAg is consistent with the 1984 background survey results, still maintained at 10% or more, indicating long-term effect of hepatitis B vaccine is very good, the implementation of universal neonatal, during a generation can make the population HBsAg carrier rate below 1%. Preschool vaccination can also be a significant immune effect. With the large-scale application of hepatitis B vaccine in the population, the immunization level of the population has been greatly raised. The positive rate of anti-HBs in 1-12-year-olds is between 50% and 90% due to the varying duration of inoculation.