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目的:研究中和试验和ELISA两种麻疹抗体检测方法结果的相关性,并初步探讨新生儿对麻疹易感的原因。方法:采集本院住院的85例小于9月龄麻疹患儿母亲血清,同时采集13位幼年患过麻疹的育龄妇女血清作为对照。通过细胞培养测定血清中和抗体滴度,同时使用ELISA诊断试剂定量检测麻疹IgG抗体,统计学分析比较两种检测结果的相关性。结果:98例血清ELISA法和中和试验法两者均阳性89例,总符合率为90.82%,两者结果不符合主要见于抗体浓度较低的标本;两种检测方法麻疹抗体检测结果具有正相关性(R=0.8285,P<0.001)。当中和抗体滴度大于1:16时,ELISA抗体浓度均高于200mIU/ml;而当ELISA抗体浓度均高于700mIU/ml,中和抗体均阳性。患儿患病时,其母亲麻疹ELISA抗体平均水平633mIU/ml,平均中和抗体滴度1:37,而幼年有麻疹史的同龄妇女麻疹ELISA抗体平均水平为1498mIU/ml,中和抗体滴度为1:182;两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:中和试验和ELISA麻疹抗体检测结果具有良好的相关性;ELISA麻疹抗体浓度高于700mIU/ml是麻疹中和抗体阳性的可靠指标。婴幼儿麻疹易感性增加与其母亲麻疹抗体低下有关。
Objective: To study the correlation between the results of two measles antibody tests by neutralization test and ELISA, and to explore the causes of measles susceptibility in neonates. Methods: Serum of 85 mothers with measles of less than 9 months were collected from our hospital, and 13 young women of childbearing age who had measles were collected as control. Serum neutralizing antibody titers were determined by cell culture, and measles IgG antibody was detected quantitatively by ELISA diagnostic reagent. The correlation between the two test results was statistically analyzed. Results: Serum ELISA and neutralization test showed that 89 cases were positive and the total coincidence rate was 90.82%. The results of the two methods did not accord with those mainly found in the low antibody concentration. The detection results of two methods were positive Correlation (R = 0.8285, P <0.001). When the titer of neutralizing antibody was greater than 1:16, the concentration of ELISA antibody was higher than 200mIU / ml. When the antibody concentration was higher than 700mIU / ml, the neutralizing antibody was positive. The average prevalence of measles antibody was 633mIU / ml and the average titer of neutralizing antibody was 1:37, while that of the same age women with measles history was 1498mIU / ml. Neutralizing antibody titer 1: 182; the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P <0.05). CONCLUSION: The results of neutralization assay and measles antibody ELISA have good correlation. ELISA measles antibody concentration higher than 700mIU / ml is a reliable indicator of measles neutralization antibody positive. The increased susceptibility of infants to measles is related to the low level of measles antibodies in their mothers.