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本文基于信仰社会学的研究方法,认为“信仰”概念是目前中国社会使用最广泛,同时也是最有歧义的词汇之一。因此,人们在批评社会现象、祈求深入改革之时,常从信仰层面着眼,以至于把政治、社会问题与信仰关联,最后呈现了以民族民粹主义、国家主义、政党基要主义为特征的三大信仰思潮,由此构成了当代中国的“瓶颈式”改革难题,并且使“信仰”成为中国问题。文章认为,之所以会呈现这些信仰思潮,主要在于以“主义信仰”为特征的革命党信仰模式尚未完成向执政党信仰模式转型,难以践行法治信仰。为此,中国信仰问题之彻底解决,应该是公共权力的核心信仰理性化,超越“信仰论政治”模式,建构政党国家对法律与宪政的信仰,进而完成信仰模式转型。
Based on the research methods of sociology of belief, this paper holds that the concept of “belief” is one of the most widely used and most ambiguous words in Chinese society. Therefore, when people criticize social phenomena and pray for further reforms, they often look at the religious level so that the political and social issues are related to their beliefs. Finally, they are characterized by three aspects: national populism, nationalism and party fundamentalism The great belief trend constituted the “bottleneck ” reform problem in contemporary China, and made “faith ” as the issue of China. The article believes that the reason why these beliefs will be presented mainly lies in that the belief model of the revolutionary party, characterized by “faith, ” has not yet completed the transition to the belief model of the ruling party and it is difficult to practice the belief in the rule of law. For this reason, the solution to China’s belief issue should be rationalization of the core beliefs of public authority, transcendence of the “faith-based politics” model and the construction of the belief of political parties in law and constitutional government in order to complete the transformation of the belief model.