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目的:了解中山市妇女乳腺癌的患病情况,研究乳腺癌影响因素,探讨降低乳腺癌发病率的对策。方法:2006～2008年对中山市99140例妇女进行乳腺病普查及问卷调查,所得数据采用SPSS10.0软件进行统计分析。结果:普查总人数99140例,发现乳腺癌51例,乳腺癌患病率为51.44/10万,其中40～49岁者占55.1%;发现癌前病变10例,与乳腺癌病例数的比约为1∶5。乳腺癌受职业、母系乳腺癌家族史、饮食情况及被动吸烟等因素的影响。结论:中山市妇女乳腺癌患病率与国内部分城市报道的水平相似;乳腺癌受职业、母系乳腺癌家族史、饮食情况及被动吸烟等多种因素的影响,应将40～49岁或有乳癌家族史、职业为工人及干部的妇女作为选择高危人群的指标,及早进行定期乳腺癌筛查;应少食肉类、甜品及油炸食品,不被动吸烟,以预防和减少乳腺癌的发生。激素替代治疗及口服避孕药是否为乳腺癌的高危因素尚需扩大样本量开展大规模的前瞻性研究。
Objective: To understand the prevalence of breast cancer in Zhongshan women, to study the influencing factors of breast cancer and to explore ways to reduce the incidence of breast cancer. Methods: From 2006 to 2008, 99140 women in Zhongshan City were surveyed and questionnaires were collected. The data were analyzed by SPSS10.0 software. Results: The total number of census 99140 cases found 51 cases of breast cancer, the prevalence of breast cancer was 51.44 / 100 000, of which 40 to 49 years old accounted for 55.1%; found in 10 cases of precancerous lesions, and the number of cases of breast cancer Is 1: 5. Breast cancer by occupation, family history of breast cancer, diet and passive smoking and other factors. Conclusion: The prevalence of breast cancer in Zhongshan women is similar to that reported in some cities in China. Breast cancer is influenced by many factors, such as occupation, family history of breast cancer, diet and passive smoking, Women with a family history of breast cancer, occupations as workers and cadres, should be screened regularly for breast cancer as an indicator of high-risk populations. They should eat less meat, sweets and fried foods and not passively smoke to prevent and reduce breast cancer. Hormone replacement therapy and oral contraceptives are breast cancer risk factors still need to expand the sample size for large-scale prospective studies.