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随着烟叶的成熟,烟株体内进行着复杂的生理生化变化,使烟叶向品质方向发展,因而成熟度是决定烟叶品质的关键。为此,研究用分光光度法在不同成熟期分别测定与烟叶生理活性、品质及抗逆能力相关的主要生理生化特征,探索其动态与规律。结果表明:随着叶片成熟与衰老进程不断加深,硝酸还原酶、多酚氧化酶、过氧化酶活性和叶绿体色素、脯氨酸含量及比叶重都成下降趋势,而丙二醛含量却上升,根据各相关酶活性的动态及相关物质含量变化规律,可正确把握烟叶的采收成熟度标准和各部位叶片的采收特点,即下部叶宜早采,中、上部叶宜适熟采收。
With the maturation of tobacco leaves, tobacco plants undergo complex physiological and biochemical changes in vivo, which leads to the development of tobacco leaves to the quality direction. Therefore, maturity is the key factor that determines the quality of tobacco leaves. Therefore, the main physiological and biochemical characteristics related to the physiological activity, quality and resilience of tobacco were determined spectrophotometrically at different maturity stages to explore their dynamics and laws. The results showed that nitrate reductase, polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase activity, chloroplast pigment, proline content and specific leaf weight all decreased while leaf malondialdehyde content increased with the deepening of leaf maturation and senescence. According to the dynamic changes of related enzyme activities and the changes of related substances, the harvest maturity standard of tobacco leaves and the harvest characteristics of the leaves can be accurately grasped. That is, the lower, middle and upper leaves should be harvested adaptively.