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含有主动材料的复合结构越来越多的应用于自适应结构中。主动纤维材料的应用为复合结构带来了新的特性也使其设计更为复杂。本文针对受压电纤维材料(MFC)驱动的主动材料复合板的变形进行研究,目的在于获得MFC驱动复合板扭曲变形与MFC纤维铺设及驱动模式的关系。研究基于弹性力学理论建立了受电压作用主动纤维产生的应变与由此导致的复合板的内力、变形之间的关系,并利用Ritz法,通过假设双向梁函数组合级数的位移场建立了该问题的求解方法,经推导得到了MFC驱动下位移场的求解方程,分析结果得到了实验的验证。为了评估MFC复合板在不同条件下的驱动效果,针对复合板变形所具有的弯扭耦合特点,在定义复合板截面等效扭转角和等效弯曲角的基础上提出了主动复合板驱动扭曲变形效率的概念和计算方法,利用该方法分析了压电纤维的铺设角度以及电压驱动模式对复合板扭曲变形驱动效率的影响。依据所得到的分析结果给出了对应不同约束条件的MFC复合板主动纤维布置及驱动模式的选择方案。
Composite structures containing active materials are increasingly used in adaptive structures. The use of active fiber materials brings new features to the composite structure and complicates the design. In this paper, the deformation of the active material composite plate driven by piezoelectric fiber material (MFC) was studied in order to obtain the relationship between the distortion of MFC driven composite plate and the laying and driving mode of MFC fiber. Based on the theory of elastic mechanics, the relationship between the strain caused by the active fiber under voltage and the internal force and deformation of the composite plate was established. The Ritz method was used to establish the stress field by assuming the displacement field of the combined series of two- The solving method of the problem is deduced and the solution equation of the displacement field under the MFC drive is derived. The analysis result is verified by the experiment. In order to evaluate the driving effect of MFC composite plates under different conditions, according to the bending and torsional coupling characteristics of composite plate deformation, the equivalent torsion angle and equivalent bending angle of composite plate are defined. The concept of efficiency and calculation method are used to analyze the influence of the piezoelectric fiber laying angle and the voltage driving mode on the driving efficiency of the composite board. According to the analysis results obtained, the options of active fiber placement and driving mode of MFC composite board corresponding to different constraints are given.