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按照市场一价定律的逻辑,所有生产者和消费者在市场上面临同一个价格并据此作出生产或消费决策。然而,农产品生产者和消费者的双重身份却导致农户在同一个农产品市场上得到或付出不同的价格,其差异主要取决于运销成本。因此,影响农户生产或消费决策的是其实际获得或付出的价格而非统一的市场价格。此外,出于对粮食安全的追求,农户所在地区的粮食可获性对其生产决策也存在一定程度的影响。本文的主要目标是基于描述生产者和消费者双重身份的农户模型,考虑实际价格与市场价格的差异及粮食可获性这两个主要因素,构建分析农户生产决策的理论框架并进行实证检验,探讨其如何影响农户调整生产结构的决策。
According to the logic of the law of one price of the market, all producers and consumers face the same price in the market and make production or consumption decisions accordingly. However, the dual identities of producers and consumers of agricultural products lead farmers to obtain or pay different prices in the same agricultural product market. The difference depends mainly on the cost of distribution. Therefore, the decision affecting the production or consumption of a farmer is actually obtained or paid instead of a uniform market price. In addition, due to the pursuit of food security, the availability of food in the area where farmers live also affects their production decisions to a certain extent. The main objective of this paper is to establish and analyze the theoretical framework for analyzing peasants’ production decision-making based on the two main factors that describe the dual identities of producers and consumers, considering the difference between actual price and market price and the availability of food. Explore how it affects the decision-making of farmers to adjust their production structure.