引言为描述海水的状态,必须确定海水的一系列性质,诸如密度(比重)、比容、压力、温度、盐度等。海水的这些物理性质和化学性质的总和就称为海水的状态。海水的这些性质之间彼此是相互联系、相互制约的。海水状态方程式就是表征海水上述性质之间关系(以下简称海水 P-V-T 关系)的数学表达式。有了这种数学表达式,就可以根据已确定的海水性质计 Introduction To describe the state of seawater, a series of properties of seawater, such as density (specific gravity), specific volume, pressure, temperature, salinity, etc., must be determined. The sum of these physical and chemical properties of seawater is called the state of seawater. These properties of seawater are interrelated and mutually restrained. The equation of state of seawater is a mathematical expression of the relationship between the above properties of seawater (hereinafter referred to as seawater P-V-T relationship). With this mathematical expression, it can be based on the nature of the determined seawater