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本文作者罗莎贝斯·莫斯·坎特自1986年来一直任教于哈佛商学院,并且于1989年至1992年间担任评论性刊物《哈佛商业》的编辑。本文选自于她最新出版的《罗莎贝斯·莫斯·坎特在管理新领域》一书。文中,作者认为人们从长计议的能力不仅是由于经济刺激造成的,它还取决于社会和政治因素。人们和机构只做到朝同一方向迈进是远远不够的,他们还必须愿意在前进的道路上互相帮助,人们还要意识到他们将共同分担命运。作者认为有四个因素能决定人们是否采纳从长计议的方法,即:(1)只有当人们深刻理解了体制的动力后,他们才会从长计议;(2)只有当人们意识到对后继者负有义务时,他们才会从长计议;(3)只有当人们相信游戏规则公平时,他们才会从长计议;(4)只有当人们认为领导者是值得信赖时,他们才会从长计议。本文从以上四个方面逐一论述了当今的管理者和领导者应该吸取的经验和教训,认为从长计议应该是人们取得的共识。文中,作者着重强调了在学习新知识、梦想希望和未来的同时要尊重历史,尊重经验。作者将亚洲国家和美国加以比较,认为亚洲国家既强调学习又尊重传统,因此这些国家的公司才对美国经济形成了可怕的竞争力。】
The author, Rosabeth Moss Kantor, has been teaching at the Harvard Business School since 1986, and was editor of the commentary journal Harvard Business from 1989 to 1992. This article is selected from her latest book, Rosabeth Moss Kanter, in Managing New Areas. In the article, the author thinks that people’s long-term ability is not only caused by economic stimulus, but also depends on social and political factors. It is not enough for people and institutions to move in the same direction. They must also be willing to help each other on the way forward. People must also realize that they will share their destiny together. The author believes that there are four factors that can determine whether people adopt long-term measures, that is: (1) Only when people deeply understand the motivation of the system can they think long-term; (2) Only when people realize that they have obligations to the successor Only when they believe that the rules of the game are fair can they be considered; (4) Only when people think leaders are trustworthy can they think long-term. From the above four aspects, this article discusses the experience and lessons learned by today’s managers and leaders, and believes that the long-term plan should be the consensus reached by people. In the article, the author emphasizes that we must respect history and respect experience while learning new knowledge, dreams and future. The author compares Asian countries with the United States and believes that Asian countries emphasize learning as well as respect tradition. Therefore, companies in these countries have formed terrible competitiveness for the U.S. economy. 】