论文部分内容阅读
18世纪的西欧,“自利”作为一种转型时期的社会现象成为众多思想家争论的敏感话题。斯密揭示了自利的两层含义——自保与虚荣,并通过阐释“看不见的手”的理论和利用斯多葛派的部分与整体的和谐观整合了其他思想家对自利的理解。他肯定了在商业社会里,追求自利对社会发展带来的好处,并把制度作为联结自利和公益的纽带,从而使人们的自利追求摆脱了传统的道德谴责,也为抨击政府以公益为借口牺牲民众自利的暴政提供了理论依据。
Western Europe in the 18th century, “self-interest” as a transitional social phenomenon has become a sensitive topic for many thinkers. Smith reveals the two meanings of self-interest - self-preservation and vanity, and incorporates other thinkers’ self-interest with self-interest by explaining the theory of “invisible hand” and using the Stoic part and the overall view of harmony Understanding. He affirmed the benefits that the pursuit of self-interest brings to social development in a commercial society and regards the system as a link between self-interest and public welfare so as to free people’s pursuit of self-interest from the traditional moral condemnation and criticize the government for providing public welfare Provided the theoretical basis for excuse to sacrifice the tyranny of the people for their own benefit.