疟疾的肺损害均由恶性疟引起。它的临床特征为气急及缺氧,X线胸部检查为肺泡或间质浸润,常常造成死亡。作者报告一例无任何肺部疾病,在恶性疟疾典型发作时出现两侧胸腔积液。过去尚无临床报告,仅有尸体剖验报告重型恶性疟患者的肺部受损害重者有胸水,但量小。本文报告的患者为男性,31岁,因高热入院。体检肺部阴性。住院第3天,在检查第9张血片时才发现恶性疟原虫。氯喹治疗完全无效。住院第5天发现血片中疟原虫密度大增,立即改用奎宁、乙胺嘧啶及磺胺嘧啶联合治疗。36小时内热 Lung damage from malaria is caused by falciparum malaria. Its clinical features are shortness of breath and hypoxia, chest X-ray examination of alveolar or interstitial infiltration, often resulting in death. The authors report an absence of any lung disease and bilateral pleural effusion on the typical episode of malaria. In the past there was no clinical report, only the autopsy report of severe falciparum patients with lung damage were severe hydrothorax, but a small amount. The patient reported in this article is a male, 31 years old, admitted to hospital because of high fever. Physical examination lungs negative. On the third day of hospitalization, P. falciparum was detected on the 9th blood film. Chloroquine treatment completely ineffective. On the fifth day of hospitalization, the density of Plasmodium in the blood film was significantly increased, and immediately switch to quinine, pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine treatment. Hot in 36 hours