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盆腔器官脱垂(POP)的发生是一个多因素、多阶段的复杂过程,发病机制尚不十分清楚。目前研究认为,POP的发生与盆底支持组织结构功能完整性的破坏密切相关,以机械性损伤如阴道分娩等引起的盆底肌肉、韧带及筋膜的破坏为主。细胞外基质是盆底支持组织中结缔组织的主要成分,包括胶原蛋白、蛋白聚糖、弹性蛋白和糖蛋白,任何成分的含量和(或)结构发生改变都有可能引起组织弹性降低,抗张能力下降,对盆底支撑作用减弱。类赖氨酰氧化酶1(LOXL1)作为结缔组织疾病的重要相关蛋白,能够影响局部组织中胶原蛋白与弹性纤维的生成、结构及其功能。LOXL1在POP患者盆腔组织中表达异常,故推测LOXL1在POP的发生发展中可能起一定作用。
The occurrence of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a multi-factor, multi-stage complex process, the pathogenesis is not yet clear. The current study suggests that the occurrence of POP is closely related to the destruction of the functional integrity of the pelvic floor support structure, and the main damage is pelvic floor muscles, ligaments and fascia caused by mechanical injury such as vaginal delivery. Extracellular matrix is the main component of connective tissue in pelvic support tissues, including collagen, proteoglycan, elastin and glycoprotein. The content of any component and / or the structural changes may cause the elasticity of tissue to decrease, Decreased ability to support the role of pelvic floor weakened. Lysyl oxidase 1 (LOXL1), an important protein involved in connective tissue diseases, can affect the formation, structure and function of collagen and elastin in local tissues. LOXL1 is abnormally expressed in pelvic tissues of POP patients, so it is speculated that LOXL1 may play a role in the occurrence and development of POP.