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目的:调查乌鲁木齐市产后3~5天的维汉族初产妇产后心境不良发生情况,为加强孕期心理保健提供理论依据。方法:应用Beck抑郁量表(Beck depression inventory,BD I-Ⅱ)对乌鲁木齐市900例产后3~5天初产妇进行调查。用SPSS统计软件包分析。结果:在发放的900份问卷中,回收有效问卷824份(有效率91.6%)。①乌鲁木齐市初产妇产后心境不良发生率为16.6%(137/824),汉族产妇发生率为18.6%(77/414),维族产妇发生率为14.6%(60/410),2χ=2.336,P>0.05,维汉族产妇产后心境不良的发生率之间无统计学意义。②产后心境不良的发生率与年龄和文化程度之间有统计学意义。③在Beck抑郁自评量表21项条目中,心境不良组和无心境不良组主要精神症状的得分构成比比较,2χ=337.991,P<0.01,心境不良组和无心境不良组精神症状的表现程度差别有统计学意义。结论:产后心境不良如不进行早期干预将会导致产后抑郁症,对有高危因素的产妇进行早期筛查及干预,以便预防产后抑郁症;促进产妇的心理健康是今后妇幼保健的重点工作之一。
Objective: To investigate the postpartum maternal and neonatal maternal hypoplasia in Urumqi from 3 to 5 days postpartum to provide theoretical basis for strengthening mental health care during pregnancy. Methods: Ninety-five primiparae after postpartum 3 to 5 days in Urumqi were investigated by Beck Depression Scale (BDI-Ⅱ). Analysis with SPSS statistical package. Results: Of the 900 questionnaires issued, 824 valid questionnaires were returned (with an effective rate of 91.6%). ① The incidence of maternal postpartum malaria was 16.6% (137/824) in Urumqi, 18.6% (77/414) in Han nationality, 14.6% (60/410) in Uygur nationality, 2χ = 2.336, P > 0.05, there was no significant difference between the incidence of postpartum maladjustment in the Uyghur nationality women. The incidence of postpartum malaise was statistically significant between age and education level. ③In the 21 items of Beck’s depression self-rating scale, scores of main psychiatric symptoms in poor mood group and non-poor mood group were compared, 2χ = 337.991, P <0.01, mental state in poor mood group and no mood disturbance group The degree of difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: Postpartum malaise without early intervention will lead to postpartum depression, early screening and intervention of women with high risk factors in order to prevent postpartum depression, and promoting maternal mental health is one of the key tasks of maternal and child health in the future .