目的探讨基质金属蛋白酶MMP-2、MMP-9及其抑制因子TIMP-1、TIMP-2在子宫内膜异位症(EMs)血清中的表达及临床意义。方法采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测55例EMs患者和30例对照组血清中MMP-2,MMP-9、TIMP-1和TIMP-2水平。结果 EMs组血清中MMP-2和MMP-9水平显著高于对照组,TIMP-1和TIMP-2水平显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。Ⅲ-Ⅳ期血清中MMP-2和MMP-9水平显著高于Ⅰ-Ⅱ期和对照组,TIMP-1和TIMP-2水平显著低于Ⅰ-Ⅱ期和对照组(P<0.05)。结论 MMP-2、MMP-9与EMs发生和发展相关,TIMP-1、TIMP-2对MMP-2、MMP-9水平调节有重要作用。 Objective To investigate the expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in sera of patients with endometriosis (EMs) and their clinical significance. Methods Serum levels of MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in 55 patients with EMs and 30 controls were detected by double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) Results The levels of serum MMP-2 and MMP-9 in EMs group were significantly higher than those in control group, and the levels of TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in EMs group were significantly lower than those in control group (P <0.05). The levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ serum were significantly higher than those in stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ and the control group. The levels of TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in serum were significantly lower than those in stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ and control (P <0.05). Conclusions MMP-2 and MMP-9 are correlated with the occurrence and development of EMs. TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 play an important role in the regulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9.