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伴随当前吸毒人数不断增加,治疗阿片类药物和海洛因等毒品成瘾的首选药物美沙酮应用频率随之上升。然而,近年来临床实践研究表明,美沙酮维持治疗依从性差、服务不到位、服务覆盖率低等,严重影响了社会犯罪现象的减少、正常家庭功能的恢复等戒毒治疗目标的实现。本文结合国外40年戒毒史中累积的相关经验,探讨了药物剂量、支持服务、依从性、治疗时间以及戒毒者个人特征等5大因素,为我国美沙酮维持治疗工作提供理论依据。
With the current increase in the number of drug abusers, the frequency of methadone use, the drug of choice for the treatment of drugs such as opiates and heroin, has increased. However, in recent years, clinical practice studies have shown that methadone maintenance treatment compliance is poor, service is not in place, the service coverage is low, seriously affecting the reduction of social crime, normal family function recovery and other drug treatment goals. Based on the accumulated experience accumulated in 40 years of drug addiction treatment in our country, this article discusses five major factors such as drug dosage, support service, compliance, treatment time and personal characteristics of drug addicts, so as to provide a theoretical basis for methadone maintenance treatment in China.