一、前言两个车轮压装在一根车轴上固定成为轮对,轮对通过轴承、弹簧等支撑车体在钢轨上滚动。车轮滚动产生两种振动。其一,把车轮看成是刚体时,车轮踏面上的斜度会使轮对蛇行运动,或者是车轮的小偏心、未被平衡的质量使车辆发生振动,这种以车轮为振源的车辆振动,可考虑从车体、弹簧上防振。车轮防振设计的范围很广,本文不能涉及太多。其二,是车轮或轮对作为弹性振动体的振动问题。这种振动是与钢轨相互作用产生的,是涉及到很大频率范围的一种现 I. INTRODUCTION Two wheels are press-fit on one axle and fixed as a wheel pair. The wheel pair rolls on the rails by supporting the car body such as bearings and springs. Wheels roll to produce two kinds of vibration. First, when the wheel is regarded as a rigid body, the inclination of the wheel tread can cause the wheel pair to meander or the eccentric wheel. The unbalanced mass causes the vehicle to vibrate. Such a wheel-driven vehicle Vibration, can be considered from the car body, spring on the anti-vibration. A wide range of wheel vibration-proof design, this article can not involve too much. Second, it is the vibration problem of the wheel or the wheelset as the elastic vibration body. This vibration is generated by the interaction with the rail, is a very large frequency range is involved