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目的:探讨眼型疟疾的诊断依据、血中疟原虫数量与眼组织病变程度的关系及治疗方法。方法:分析非洲赤道几内亚293例以眼痛、视力下降及眼部组织病变为主要临床特征的疟疾病例及经抗疟治疗后的变化;以赤道几内亚马拉博市首都医院检查血或骨髓涂片疟原虫(+～+++)确诊疟疾;应用蒿甲醚胶囊或青蒿琥脂片抗疟疾治疗。结果:293例患者经抗疟治疗及对症治疗后全部治愈,视力恢复到发病前的水平。结论:存在眼型疟疾。诊断依据为:血或骨髓涂片疟原虫阳性,以眼痛、视力下降及眼部组织病变为主要临床特征。血中疟原虫的数量与眼组织的病变程度成正比关系。抗疟治疗有效,无后遗症。
Objective: To investigate the diagnostic criteria of ocular malaria, the relationship between the number of blood malaria parasites and the degree of ocular histopathology and the treatment methods. Methods: A total of 293 malaria cases in Equatorial Guinea with eye pain, decreased visual acuity and ocular histopathology were analyzed retrospectively. The changes of malaria after anti-malarial treatment were analyzed. The blood or bone marrow smear was examined in Capital Hospital of Malabo, Equatorial Guinea Plasmodium (+ ~ +++) confirmed malaria; application of artemether capsules or artesunate tablets for anti-malarial treatment. Results: 293 patients were cured by anti-malaria treatment and symptomatic treatment, visual acuity recovered to pre-morbidity levels. Conclusion: There is eye type malaria. Diagnosis is based on: blood or bone marrow smear-positive malaria parasite, with eye pain, decreased visual acuity and ocular tissue lesions as the main clinical features. The number of blood malaria parasites and the severity of ocular tissue is proportional to the relationship. Anti-malaria treatment effective, no sequelae.