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目的:优选远志总皂苷的微波-酶法最佳提取工艺条件。方法:用乙醇和水为溶剂,以远志提取液中总皂苷提取物的收率为指标,采用3因素3水平的正交设计法和单因素法对微波-复合酶法提取工艺条件进行优选。结果:实验条件下的最优工艺条件为:在pH=7,45℃条件下,酶解时间为1h,控制料液比1∶25,微波功率255W,提取4min,乙醇浓度95%,酶浓度为0.30%,远志总皂苷的提取率达2.03%;用显微镜观察到微波、复合酶破坏了远志细胞壁的结构;薄层色谱分析表明微波未破坏皂苷结构。结论:与直接传统乙醇回流提取法相比,微波-酶法提取能大大缩短提取时间,降低有机溶剂用量,并能提高远志总皂苷的收率。
Objective: To optimize the extraction conditions of Polygonum total saponins by microwave-enzyme method. Methods: Using ethanol and water as solvent, the yield of total saponin extract from Polygala tenuifolia was used as an index. The orthogonal design method of single factor and three factors and single factor method were used to optimize the extraction conditions of microwave - complex enzyme. Results: Under the optimal conditions, the optimum conditions were as follows: the enzymolysis time was 1h, the ratio of solid to liquid was 1:25, the microwave power was 255W, the extraction time was 4min, the concentration of ethanol was 95%, the concentration of enzyme Was 0.30%, and the extraction rate of Polygalaceae total saponin was 2.03%. The structure of Polygalaceae cell wall was destroyed by microwave and complex enzyme. Microscopic analysis showed that the structure of saponin was not damaged by microwave. Conclusion: Compared with direct traditional ethanol reflux extraction, microwave-enzymatic extraction can greatly shorten the extraction time, reduce the amount of organic solvents and improve the yield of Polygala tenuifolia.